Against Idols

Origen of Alexandria, Against Celsus 1

Origen of Alexandria · c. 185–c. 254 AD

To Celsus, who wants to slander Christianity, a major point is that Christians form secret agreements with each other, contrary to established laws, since some agreements are open—those made according to laws—while others are hidden, those made contrary to what is established. He also wants to slander the so-called love Christians have for one another, claiming it arises only from common danger and can overcome any obstacle. Since he accuses Christians of making agreements in violation of the common law, the response must be this: just as someone who has come to live among the Scythians, who have laws contrary to custom, and who has no chance to leave, would be forced to live among them, it would be reasonable for that person, because of the law of truth, as opposed to the Scythians' lawlessness, to make agreements with those who share his views, contrary to the Scythians' established laws. So too, when judged by the truth, the laws of the nations—laws concerning idols and the godless multitude of gods—are Scythian laws, and even more impious than the Scythians. It is therefore not unreasonable to make agreements contrary to established laws for the sake of truth. Just as, for example, if some people were to make secret agreements to overthrow a tyrant who had seized the city, they would be doing well; so also Christians, with the so-called devil tyrannizing among them along with falsehood, make agreements contrary to established laws against the devil and for the salvation of others, whom they may be able to persuade to turn away from the law of the Scythians and the tyrant.

Greek

Πρῶτον τῷ Κέλσῳ κεφάλαιόν ἐστι βουλομένῳ διαβαλεῖν χριστιανισμὸν, ὡς συνθήκας κρύβδην πρὸς ἀλλήλους ποιουμένων Χριστιανῶν παρὰ τὰ νενομισμένα, ὅτι τῶν συνθηκῶν αἱ μέν εἰσι φανεραὶ, ὅσαι κατὰ νόμους γίνονται, αἱ δὲ ἀφανεῖς, οσαι παρὰ τὰ νενομισμένα συντελοῦνται. καὶ βούλεται διαβαλεῖν τὴν καλουμένην ἀγάπην Χριστιανῶν πρὸς ἀλλήλους, ἀπὸ τοῦ κοινοῦ κινδύνου ὑφισταμένην καὶ δυναμένην ὑπερόρκια. ἐπεὶ οὖν τὸν κοινὸν νόμον θρυλεῖ παρὰ τοῦτον λέγων Χριστιανοῖς τὰς συνθήκας, λεκτέον πρὸς τοῦτο ὅτι, ὥσπερ εἴ τις παρὰ Σκύθαις νόμους ἀθέσμους ἔχουσι γενόμενος ἀναχωρήσεως μὴ ἔχων καιρὸν βιοῦν παρ᾿ ἐκείνοις ἀναγκάζοιτο, εὐλόγως ἂν οὗτος διὰ τὸ τῆς ἀληθείας νόμον, ὡς πρὸς τοὺς Σκύθας παρανομίαν, καὶ συνθήκας πρὸς τοὺς τὰ αὐτὰ αὐτῷ φρονοῦντας ποιήσαι ἂν παρὰ τὰ ἐκείνοις νενομισμένα· οὕτως παρ᾿ ἀληθείᾳ δικαζούσῃ οἱ νόμοι τῶν ἐθνῶν, οἱ περὶ ἀγαλμάτων καὶ τῆς ἀθέου πολυθεότητος, νόμοι εἰσὶ Σκυθῶν καὶ εἴ τι Σκυθῶν ἀσεβέστερον. οὐκ ἄλογον οὖν συνθήκας παρὰ τὰ νενομισμένα ποιεῖν τὰς ὑπὲρ ἀληθείας. ὥσπερ γὰρ, εἰ ὑπὲρ τοῦ τύραννον προλαβόντα τὰ τῆς πόλεως ἀνελεῖν συνθήκας τινὲς κρύβδην ἐποιοῦντο, καλῶς ἂν ἐποίουν· οὕτω δὴ καὶ Χριστιανοὶ, τυραννοῦντος τοῦ παρ᾿ αὐτοῖς καλουμένου διαβόλου καὶ τοῦ ψεύδους, συνθήκας ποιοῦνται παρὰ τὰ νενομισμένα τῷ διαβόλῳ κατὰ τοῦ διαβόλου καὶ ὑπὲρ σωτηρίας ἑτέρων, οὓς ἂν πεῖσαι δυνηθῶσιν ἀποστῆναι τοῦ ὡσανεὶ Σκυθῶν καὶ τυράννου νόμου.

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