Christ

Christ’s Body Was Real

13 passages, 7 quoted here · Broad agreement in this library · Against: Docetism

Against teachers who said Christ only seemed to have a body and only seemed to suffer.

Where they stood

Each row is one claim. Each name is a writer, placed at the date of the passage. Select a name to read what they said.

3 of the 3 writers here teach: “He was truly born, ate, suffered, and rose.” They answer a rival view: “He suffered only in appearance.”

teaches it partly rejects it later writer, summary only

He was truly born, ate, suffered, and rose3 teach

He suffered only in appearance1 reject

What each writer said, earliest first

Ignatius of Antioch Rejects: He suffered only in appearance

d. c. 110 AD · Epistle to the Smyrnaeans 6.2

He suffered all these things for our sake, so that we might be saved. And he truly suffered, just as he truly raised himself. It is not as some faithless people say, that he suffered only in mere appearance.

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Greek

Ταῦτα γὰρ πάντα ἔπαθεν δἰ ἡμᾶς, ἵνα σωθῶμεν: καὶ ἀληθῶς ἔπαθεν, ὡς καὶ ἀληθῶς ἀνέστησεν ἑαυτόν, οὐχ ὥσπερ ἄπιστοί τινες λέγουσιν, τὸ δοκεῖν αὐτὸν πεπονθέναι, αὐτοὶ το δοκεῖν ὄντες: καὶ καθὼς φρονοῦσιν, καὶ συμβήσεται αὐτοῖς, οὖσιν ἀσωμάτοις καὶ δαιμονικοῖς.

Ignatius of Antioch Teaches: He was truly born, ate, suffered, and rose

d. c. 110 AD · Epistle to the Smyrnaeans 6.3

For I know and believe that he was in the flesh even after the resurrection. And when he came to those around Peter, he said to them: "Take hold of me, touch me and see that I am not a bodiless demon." And immediately they touched him and believed, being joined to his flesh and his spirit.

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Greek

Ἐγὼ γὰρ καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἐν σαρκὶ αὐτὸν οἶδα καὶ πιστεύω ὄντα.

Ignatius of Antioch Teaches: He was truly born, ate, suffered, and rose

d. c. 110 AD · Epistle to the Smyrnaeans 6.7

They abstain from the Eucharist and from prayer, because they do not confess that the Eucharist is the flesh of our Savior Jesus Christ, the flesh that suffered for our sins and that the Father raised up in his goodness. So those who speak against the gift of God die in their disputing.

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Greek

Εὐχαριστίας καὶ πρυσευχῆς ἀπέχονται, διὰ τὸ μὴ ὁμολογεῖν τὴν εὐχαριστίαν σάρκα εἶναι τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τὴν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν παθοῦσαν, ἣν τῇ χρηστότητι ὁ πατὴρ ἤγειρεν.

Ignatius of Antioch Rejects: He suffered only in appearance

d. c. 110 AD · Epistle to the Trallians 3.10

But if, as some godless people—that is, faithless people—say, he suffered in mere appearance, then they themselves are mere appearance. Why am I bound? Why do I pray for martyrdom by beasts?

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Greek

Εἰ δέ, ὥσπερ τινὲς ἄθεοι ὄντες, τουτέστιν ἄπιστοι, λέγουσιν, τὸ δοκεῖν πεπονθέναι αὐτόν, αὐτοὶ ὄντες τὸ δοκεῖν, ἐγὼ τί δέδεμαι, τί δὲ καὶ εὔχομαι θηριομαχῆσαι; δωρεὰν οὖν ἀποθνήσκω. ἄρα οὖν καταψεύδομαι τοῦ κυρίου.

Ignatius of Antioch Teaches: He was truly born, ate, suffered, and rose

d. c. 110 AD · Epistle to the Trallians 3.9

So make yourselves deaf whenever anyone speaks to you apart from Jesus Christ. He was of the family of David and of Mary. He truly was born, and he ate and drank.

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Greek

Κωφώθητε οὖν, ὅταν ὑμῖν χωρὶς Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ λαλῇ τις, τοῦ ἐκ γένους Δαυείδ, τοῦ ἐκ Μαρίας, ὃς ἀληθῶς ἐγεννήθη, ἔφαγέν τε καὶ ἔπιεν, ἀληθῶς ἐδιώχθη ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτον, ἀληθῶς ἐσταυρώθη καὶ ἀπέθανεν, βλεπόντων τῶν ἐπουρανίων καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ ὑποχθονίων.

Irenaeus of Lyons Teaches: He was truly born, ate, suffered, and rose

c. 130–c. 202 AD · Against Heresies 3.18

1. As it has been clearly demonstrated that the Word, who existed in the beginning with God, by whom all things were made, who was also always present with mankind, was in these last days, according to the time appointed by the Father, united to His own workmanship, inasmuch as He became a man liable to suffering, it…

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Novatian Teaches: He was truly born, ate, suffered, and rose

fl. c. 250 AD · On the Trinity 10

I warn you: we are not to expect a different Christ in the gospel than this one whom the Creator promised beforehand in the letters of the Old Testament. The very things predicted about him have been fulfilled, and the things fulfilled were foretold in advance.

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Other passages filed here (6)