Children confess Christ as God while the priests reject him
Epiphanius is contrasting the children's praise of Christ at his entry into Jerusalem with the hostility of the priests and Hebrews, then addressing the children directly about their inspired confession.
Children speak of Christ as God in theological terms, and the priests blaspheme him. Nursing infants worship, and the teachers act impiously. The children say “Hosanna,” and the Hebrews cry out, “Let him be crucified.” The one group comes to Christ with palm branches; the other comes against him with swords. These cut branches; those prepare the wood of a cross. Infants spread their garments under Christ, and the priests divide Christ’s garments among themselves. Infants lift Christ high on a colt, and elders hang Christ on a cross. The children worshiped Christ’s feet; those others nailed Christ’s feet with spikes. Children bring praise; these offer vinegar. Children give Christ honor; these give him gall. Children wave palm branches; these pierce him with a spear. Children hymn Christ on a colt; these sell the one on the colt.
The ox knew its owner when he was born at the manger (Isaiah 1:3), and the new people of the nations submitted to their Lord, but Israel alone did not know Christ their God. The tribes that were once God-loving have become lawless, and the lawless have become lawful, and the lawful have become lawbreakers. Very well: you did not reverence the prophets, you killed the priests, you twisted the Scriptures, you destroyed the law, you cut off the righteous, you rejected Moses, you slaughtered the sons, you defiled the temple, you disobeyed God, you did not believe in Christ, you insulted the signs from God, you disbelieved about Lazarus, you did not believe the blind when they received their sight. So then what do you say about these children? What law do you lay down about the hymn of nursing infants? Tell me, who gave them voice? Who taught them? Who roused them? Who made them wise? Who suddenly gave speech to those without speech, if not Christ the eternal Word? Now the young ones—children together with infants holding the breast with one hand and singing up an angelic hymn with their voice; holding the breast with one hand and waving palm branches to Christ with the other hand—the nature without speech has become a theologian. At once they bring the prophetic word to God as gifts, the hymn of the angels, crying out together, “Hosanna in the highest! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! The Lord is God, and he has appeared to us” (Matthew 21:9).
In response to these things, full of joy and festal delight, I take courage and ask these holy children in return: What do you say, O children of God, children who sing praise? From where did you receive this equal measure, crying out the cherubic hymn? How is it that when you see Christ on a colt in human fashion, you cry out “Hosanna in the highest” in divine fashion? Yes, the children inspired by God say to us, Christ is seated on a perceptible colt, but he is in no way separated from the Father’s bosom. He is seated on the colt of a donkey, but he does not leave the cherubic throne. But the same one below with flesh without diminishment among mortals is the same one above with the Father, God without falsehood and true, the same almighty one, ruler of the world, ruler of the nations, true God, provider, planter, guide, and Savior of all.
He enters the lower Jerusalem and is not separated from the one above. This is the maker of the ages, from the ages and to the ages. He is the one who alone stretched out the heavens. He is the one who walks on the sea as on dry ground. He wrapped the sea in mist (Job 38:9). He placed the keys for human beings. He divided the boundaries for the seas. He spread out the earth and hung it upon nothing (Job 26:7). He mixed the elements’ combinations with all wisdom. He adorned the beauties of the plants. He stretched out the heavens like a garment (Psalm 104:2, LXX 103:2). He adorned it with bright lights.
The cherubim shudder before him, and the seraphim tremble. The sun hymns him; the moon glorifies him; the stars praise him; the springs serve him; the abysses shudder before him; the nether regions fear him; the sea monsters yield to him; the dragons tremble before him; the rains serve him; the winds revere him. He established natures; he appointed creations; he ordered ranks. This is the maker of the creations above and below, the Lord our God. To him be glory and dominion to the ages of ages. Amen.
Greek
παῖδες Χριστὸν ὡς Θεὸν θεολογοῦσι, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς αὐτὸν βλασφημοῦσι· θηλάζοντες προσκυνοῦσι, καὶ οἱ διδάσκοντες ἀσεβοῦσιν· οἱ παῖδες, Ὡσαννὰ, λέγουσι, καὶ οἱ Ἑβραῖοι, Σταυρωθήτω, κράζουσιν· οἱ μὲν μετὰ βαΐων πρὸς Χριστὸν ἔρχονται· οἱ δὲ μετὰ μαχαιρῶν πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔρχονται· οὗτοι κλάδους κόπτουσιν, ἐκεῖνοι ξύλον σταυροῦ εὐτρεπίζουσι· νήπια Χριστοῦ χιτῶνας ὑποστρωννύουσι, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς χιτῶνας Χριστῷ διαμερίζουσι· νήπια ἐπὶ πώλου Χριστὸν ὑψοῦσι, καὶ γέροντες ἐπὶ σταυροῦ Χριστὸν κρεμνοῦσιν· οἱ παῖδες τοὺς πόδας
Χριστοῦ προσεκύνησαν, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ τοὺς πόδας Χριστοῦ τοῖς ἥλοις προσήλωσαν· παῖδες αἶνον προσάγουσιν, οὗτοι ὄξος προσφέρουσι· παῖδες Χριστῷ τὴν τιμὴν, οὗτοι δὲ τὴν χολήν· παῖδες βαΐα σείουσιν, οὗτοι δὲ ῥομφαίᾳ νύττουσι· παῖδες ἐπὶ πῶλον Χριστὸν ὑμνοῦσιν, οὗτοι τὸν ἐπὶ πώλου πωλοῦσιν. Ἔγνω βοῦς τὸν κτησάμενον αὐτὸν ἐπὶ φάτνης γεννηθέντα, καὶ ὁ νέος λαὸς τῶν ἐθνῶν ὑπετάγη τῷ Κυρίῳ αὐτῶν, μόνον δὲ Ἰσραὴλ οὐκ ἔγνω Χριστὸν τὸν Θεὸν αὐτοῦ. Τὰ ποτὲ φῦλα θεόφιλα γέγονε, καὶ οἱ ἄνομοι γεγόνασιν ἔννομοι, καὶ οἱ ἔννομοι παράνομοι. Ἔστω, τοὺς προφήτας οὐκ ᾐδέσθης, ἱερεῖς ἀπέκτεινας, τὰς Γραφὰς διέστρεψας, τὸν νόμον κατέλυσας, δικαίους κατέπρισας, Μωσῆν ἠθέτησας, τοὺς υἱοὺς κατέσφαξας, τὸν ναὸν ἐμίανας, τοῦ Θεοῦ παρήκουσας, Χριστῷ οὐκ ἐπίστευσας, τὰς θεοσημαίας ἐνύβρισας, περὶ Λαζάρου ἠπίστησας, τοῖς τυφλοῖς οὐκ ἐπίστευσας ἀναβλέψασιν· εἶτα τί περὶ τῶν παίδων τούτων λέγεις; τί περὶ ὕμνου τῶν θηλαζόντων νομοθετεῖς; τίς, εἰπέ μοι, τούτους ἐφώτισε; τίς ἐδί43.437 δαξεν; ἢ τίς ἐξήγειρεν; τίς ἐσόφισε; τίς ἐξαίφνης ἀπειρολόγοις δέδωκε λόγον, εἰ μὴ Χριστὸς ὁ προαιώνιος Λόγος; Νῦν οἱ νέοι, παῖδες ὁμοῦ τε καὶ νήπια χειρὶ μιᾷ μαζὸν κατέχοντα, καὶ φωνῇ ὕμνον ἀγγελικὸν ἀναμέλποντα· χειρὶ μιᾷ μαζὸν κατέχοντα, καὶ ἄλλῃ χειρὶ Χριστῷ βαΐα ἐπισείοντα· ἡ ἀπειρολόγος, θεολόγος γεγενημένη φύσις· εὐθὺς τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον Θεῷ τῶν ἀσωμάτων ὕμνον ὡς δῶρα προσάγοντα, ὁμοῦ τε καὶ κράζοντα, Ὡσαννὰ ἐν τοῖς ὑψίστοις, εὐλογημένος ὁ ἐρχόμενος ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου, Θεὸς Κύριος, καὶ ἐπέφανεν ἡμῖν. Πρὸς ἃ ἐγὼ περιχάριστα ὁμοῦ τε καὶ ἐφεόρτια ἀντεπερωτῶ τοὺς ἱεροὺς τούτους παῖδας θαρσήσας· Τί φατὲ, ὦ παῖδες Θεοῦ, παῖδες ἀνυμνήτορες; Πόθεν ὑμῖν ὁ ἰσόῤῥοπος οὗτος, τὸν χερουβικὸν ὕμνον ἀνακράζοντες; Πῶς δὲ ἐπὶ πώλου Χριστὸν ὁρῶντες ἀνθρωποπρεπῶς· Ὡσαννὰ ἐν τοῖς ὑψίστοις, βοᾶτε θεοπρεπῶς; Ναὶ, φασὶ πρὸς ἡμᾶς οἱ θεορήτορες παῖδες, καὶ ἐπὶ πώλου αἰσθητοῦ Χριστὸς καθέζεται, ἀλλὰ τοῦ κόλπου τοῦ πατρικοῦ οὐδαμοῦ χωρίζεται· καὶ ἐπὶ πώλου ὄνου καθέζεται, ἀλλὰ τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ χερουβικοῦ οὐκ ἀπολιμπάνεται. Ἀλλ' αὐτὸς ὁ κάτω μετὰ σαρκὸς βροτοῖς ἀνελλιπῶς, αὐτὸς οὕτως καὶ ἄνω μετὰ Πατρὸς Θεὸς ἀψευδὴς, καὶ ἀληθινὸς, αὐτὸς ὁ παντοκράτωρ, καὶ κοσμοκράτωρ, καὶ ἐθνοκράτωρ, καὶ ἀληθὴς Θεὸς, καὶ χορηγὸς, καὶ φυτουργὸς, καὶ ὁδηγὸς, καὶ Σωτὴρ πάντων. Αὐτὸς εἰς τὴν κάτω Ἱερουσαλὴμ εἰσέρχεται, καὶ τῆς ἄνω οὐ χωρίζεται· οὗτος ὁ ποιητὴς τῶν αἰώνων καὶ ἐξ αἰώνων, καὶ εἰς αἰῶνας· αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ τανύσας τὸν οὐρανὸν μόνος· οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ περιπατῶν ἐπὶ θαλάσσης ὡς ἐπὶ ἐδάφους· οὗτος ὁμίχλῃ τὴν θάλασσαν ἐσπαργάνωσεν· οὗτος τὰ κλεῖθρα τοῖς ἀνθρώποις περιέθηκεν· οὗτος ὅρους ταῖς θαλάσσαις ἐμέρισεν· οὗτος ἁπλώσας γαῖαν ἐπ' οὐδενὶ ἐκρέμασεν· οὗτος στοιχείων τὰς κράσεις πανσόφως ἐκέρασεν· οὗτος τὰ κάλλη τῶν φυτῶν κατεκόσμησεν· οὗτος οὐρανὸν ὡς ἱμάτιον ἐξέτεινεν· οὗτος αὐτὸν φωστῆρσι λαμπροῖς κατεκόσμησε. Τοῦτον φρίττουσι χερουβὶμ, καὶ τρέμουσι σεραφὶμ, τοῦτον ὑμνεῖ ἥλιος, τοῦτον δοξολογεῖ σελήνη, τοῦτον αἰνοῦσι τὰ ἄστρα, τούτῳ δουλεύουσιν αἱ πηγαὶ, τοῦτον φρίττουσιν ἄβυσσοι, τοῦτον δεδοίκασι τάρταροι, τούτῳ ὑπείκει τὰ κήτη, τοῦτον τρέμουσι δράκοντες, τούτῳ δουλεύουσιν ὄμβροι, τοῦτον εὐλαβοῦνται πνεύματα· οὗτος ὑπέστησε φύσεις, οὗτος κατέστησε κτίσεις, οὗτος κατέταξε τάξεις, οὗτος ὁ τῶν ἄνω καὶ τῶν κάτω κτίσεων ποιητὴς Θεὸς Κύριος ἡμῶν· καὶ αὐτῷ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.