The right of private judgment
Although therefore every follower of Christ is obliged by the very nature of the Christian institution to be a member of some particular congregation or other — some church, as it is usually termed (which implies a particular manner of worshipping God), for two cannot walk together unless they are agreed (Amos 3:3) — yet none can be obliged by any power on earth but that of his own conscience to prefer this or that congregation to another, this or that particular manner of worship. I know it is commonly supposed that the place of our birth fixes the church to which we ought to belong: that one, for instance, who is born in England ought to be a member of that which is styled the Church of England, and consequently to worship God in the particular manner which is prescribed by that church. I was once a zealous maintainer of this, but I find many reasons to abate this zeal. I fear it is attended with such difficulties as no reasonable man can get over. Not the least of which is that if this rule had taken place, there could have been no reformation from Popery, seeing it entirely destroys the right of private judgment, on which that whole reformation stands.
1771 text
10. Altho’ therefore every follower of Christ is obliged by the very nature of the Christian institution, to be a member of some particular congregation or other, some church, as it is usually termed: (which implies a particular manner of worshipping God;) for two cannot walk together unless they be agreed; yet none can be obliged by any power on earth, but that of his own conscience, to prefer this or that congregation to another, this or that particular manner of worship. I know it is commonly supposed, That the place of our birth, fixes the church to which we ought to belong: that one, for instance, who is born in England ought to be a member of that which is stiled The Church of England, and consequently to worship God in the particular manner which is prescribed by that church. I was once a zealous maintainer of this: but I find many reasons to abate of this zeal. I fear, it is attended with such difficulties, that as no reasonable man can get over. Not the least of which is, that if this rule had took place, there could have been no reformation from Popery: seeing it intirely destroys the right of private judgment, on which that whole reformation stands.