Josephus on John the Baptist and James
I should have liked to say to Celsus, who presents his Jew as somehow accepting John as a Baptist who baptized Jesus, that the fact that John was a Baptist, baptizing for the forgiveness of sins (Mark 1:4), was recorded by one who lived not long after John and Jesus. For in the eighteenth book of his Jewish Antiquities Josephus bears witness to John as a Baptist who promised purification to those who were baptized (Josephus, Jewish Antiquities 18.116–119). This same writer, though he did not believe in Jesus as the Christ, was looking for the cause of the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of the temple. He ought to have said that the plot against Jesus was the cause of these things for the people, because they killed the Christ who had been foretold. Yet, as if against his will, he came not far from the truth, and says that these things befell the Jews to avenge James the Just, who was the brother of “Jesus who is called Christ,” since they killed him although he was most just.
This James is the one whom Paul, a true disciple of Jesus, says he saw, calling him “the Lord's brother” (Galatians 1:19), not so much because of kinship by blood or their shared upbringing as because of his character and his teaching. If, then, Josephus says that the desolation of Jerusalem befell the Jews because of James, is it not more reasonable to say that it happened because of Jesus the Christ? Witnesses to his divinity are the churches, so many in number, of those who have turned from the flood of evils, who cling to the Creator and refer everything to pleasing him.
Greek
Ἐβουλόμην δ᾿ ἂν Κέλσῳ, προσωποποιήσαντι τὸν Ἰουδαῖον παραδεξάμενόν πως Ἰωάννην ὡς βαπτιστὴν βαπτίζοντα τὸν Ἰησοῦν, εἰπεῖν ὅτι τὸ Ἰωάννην γεγονέναι βαπτιστὴν, εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτημάτων βαπτίζοντα, ἀνέγραψέ τις τῶν μετ᾿ οὐ πολὺ τοῦ Ἰωάννου καὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ γεγενημένων. ἐν γὰρ τῷ ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῳ τῆς Ἰουδαϊκῆς ἀρχαιολογίας ὁ Ἰώσηπος μαρτυρεῖ τῷ Ἰωάννῃ ὡς βαπτιστῇ γεγενημένῳ καὶ καθάρσιον τοῖς βαπτισαμένοις ἐπαγγελλομένῳ. ὁ δ᾿ αὐτὸς, καίτοι γε ἀπιστῶν τῷ Ἰησοῦ ὡς Χριστῷ. ζητῶν τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων πτώσεως καὶ τῆς τοῦ ναοῦ καθαιρέσεως, δέον αὐτὸν εἰπεῖν ὅτι ἡ κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐπιβουλὴ τούτων αἰτία γέγονε τῷ λαῷ, ἐπεὶ ἀπέκτειναν τὸν προφητευόμενον Χριστόν· ὁ δὲ καὶ ὥσπερ ἄκων οὐ μακρὰν τῆς ἀληθείας γενόμενός φησι ταῦτα συμβε βηκέναι τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις κατ᾿ ἐκδίκησιν Ἰακώβου τοῦ δικαίου, ὃς ἦν ἀδελφὸς „Ἰησοῦ τοῦ λεγομένου Χριστοῦ,“ ἐπειδήπερ δικαιότατον αὐτὸν ὄντα ἀπέκτειναν. τὸν δὲ Ἰάκωβον τοῦτον ὁ Ἰησοῦ γνήσιος μαθητὴς Παῦλός φησιν ἑωρακέναι ὡς „ἀδελφὸν τοῦ κυρίου.“ οὐ τοσοῦτον διὰ τὸ πρὸς αἵματος συγγενὲς ἢ τὴν κοινὴν αὐτῶν ἀνατροφὴν ὅσον διὰ τὸ ἦθος καὶ τὸν λόγον. εἴπερ οὖν διὰ Ἰάκωβον λέγει συμβεβηκέναι τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἐρήμωσιν τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, πῶς οὐχὶ εὐλογώτερον διὰ Ἰησοῦν τὸν Χριστὸν τοῦτο φάσκειν γεγονέναι; οὗ τῆς θειότητος μάρτυρες αἱ τοσαῦται τῶν μεταβαλόντων ἀπὸ τῆς χύσεως τῶν κακῶν ἐκκλησίαι καὶ ἠρτημένων τοῦ δημιουργοῦ καὶ πάντ᾿ ἀναφερόντων ἐπὶ τὴν πρὸς ἐκεῖνον ἀρέσκειαν.