Not seven heavens, but Jacob’s ladder
The Scriptures in use in the churches of God do not speak of seven heavens, or of any fixed number of them at all, but of “heavens”; and their words seem to teach either the spheres of what the Greeks call the planets or something else more secret.
Celsus, following Plato, says that the road for souls to the earth and from the earth passes through the planets. But Moses, our most ancient prophet, says that a divine dream was seen by our patriarch Jacob: a ladder reaching “to heaven,” and angels “of God” going up and coming down on it, and the Lord resting firmly at its top (Genesis 28:12–13). In his account of the ladder Moses was hinting either at these same things or at something greater than these. Philo too has written a book about this ladder, which deserves thoughtful and intelligent study by lovers of truth.
Greek
Ἑπτὰ δὲ οὐρανοὺς ἢ ὅλως περιωρισμένον ἀριθμὸν αὐτῶν αἱ φερόμεναι ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τοῦ θεοῦ οὐκ ἀπαγγέλλουσι γραφαὶ, ἀλλ᾿ οὐρανοὺς, εἴτε τὰς σφαίρας τῶν παρ᾿ Ἕλλησι λεγομένων πλανήτων εἴτε καὶ ἄλλο τι ἀποῤῥητότερον ἐοίκασι διδάσκειν οἱ λόγοι. καὶ τὸ ὁδὸν δὲ εἶναι ταῖς ψυχαῖς ἐς γῆν καὶ ἀπὸ γῆς Κέλσος μὲν κατὰ Πλάτωνά φησι γίνεσθαι διὰ τῶν πλανήτων· Μωϋσῆς δὲ, ὁ ἀρχαιότατος ἡμῶν προφήτης. ἐν ὄψει τοῦ πατριάρχου ἡμῶν Ἰακώβ φησιν ἑωρᾶσθαι θεῖον ἐνύπνιον, κλίμακα „εἰς οὐρανὸν“ φθάνουσαν καὶ ἀγγέλους „τοῦ θεοῦ“ ἀναβαίνοντας καὶ καταβαίνοντας ἐπ᾿ αὐτῆς, τὸν δὲ κύριον ἐπεστηριγμένον ἐπὶ τοῖς ἄκροις αὐτῆς, εἴτε ταῦτα εἴτε τινὰ μείζονα τούτων αἰνιττόμενος ἐν τῷ περὶ τῆς κλίμακος λόγῳ· περὶ ἧς καὶ τῷ Φίλωνι συντέτακται βιβλίον, ἄξιον φρονίμου καὶ συνετῆς παρὰ τοῖς φιλαλήθεσιν ἐξετάσεως.