Three leftover disputes: infants' actual faith, how far baptism is necessary, and whether the Spirit's baptism is tied to the water
The leftover controversy runs like this. First, about infants' actual faith. The Reformed take them as able to receive faith in its principle, seed, root, and habit — poured in by God in a way we cannot grasp — and so able to receive some grace, even inward grace: federal grace, as children taken with their parents into the covenant and sharers of the promise (Acts 2:39).
So they are capable of sacramental sanctification, as by circumcision (Romans 4:11), so by baptism (1 Corinthians 7:14; Colossians 2:14); and finally capable of the remission of original sin and of justifying grace.
Second, about how far holy baptism is necessary. On their side, bare lack of it — with no willful neglect — already works either loss of salvation, or at least danger of that loss.
Third, about the mode of efficacy: that regenerating grace is bound to the baptismal ceremony, or (in their phrase) the baptism of the Spirit is bound to the baptism of water as its effect — ordinarily, they add — yet not by the Papists' opus operatum, but by the Holy Spirit's own working.
Latin
Talis est Controversia, 1. Circa fidem actualem Infantum: Quos Reformati censent subjectum capax fidei, quoad hujus principium, semen, radicem, habitum, modo nobis ἀκαταλήπτῳ divinitus infusum; Capaces adeo esse gratiae alicujus, etiam internae, uti sunt gratiae foederalis, scil. cum parentibus assumpti in Foedus, & participes promissionis, Act. II.39. Sic capaces sanctificationis Sacramentalis, uti per Circumcisionem, Rom. IV.11. ita per Baptismum 1. Cor. VII.14. Col. II.14. Denique capaces remissionis peccati Original. & gratiae justificantis. 2. Talis quoque Controversia, circa gradum quendam necessitatis S. Baptismi; Unde secundum illos, ex sola privatione, citra neglectum ullum voluntarium, oriatur aut privatio salutis, aut periculum saltem hujus. 3. Talis & circa efficaciae modum; Ut Ceremoniae Baptismi sit alligata gratia Regenerationis, vel (ut loquuntur) Baptismo fluminis alligatus Baptismus flaminis, tanquam illius effectus, sed (ut addunt) ordinariè; neque tamen ex opere operato Pontificiorum, sed operatione Spiritus S.