Judgment and the Second Coming
Origen of Alexandria, Against Celsus 6.45
Since Celsus dismisses what is said about the so-called antichrist, having read neither Daniel nor Paul nor the Savior's own prophecies in the Gospels about his coming, a brief word on the subject is needed. As the proverb goes, "Just as faces are not alike, so also hearts are not like the hearts of men" (Prov 24:16 LXX). Clearly, then, there are differences among human hearts—some turned toward the good, others toward its opposite through neglect of the good—and among the latter, evil is poured out to a greater degree in some, to a lesser degree in others. So what is so absurd about the existence of two extremes in humanity, as I might call them: one of the good, the other of its opposite? The extreme of the good is found in the man conceived according to Jesus, from whom so great a turning, healing, and betterment of the human race has flowed; the extreme of the opposite resides in the one called antichrist. God, foreknowing all things and seeing the destinies of both, chose to make them known through the prophets, so that those who understand their words might attach themselves to the better and guard against the opposite (2 Thessalonians 2:3-4). It was fitting that the one extreme—the best—be proclaimed Son of God because of his excellence, and the other, diametrically opposed to him, be the son of the evil demon, Satan, and the devil. And precisely because evil is most intensely characterized by its outpouring and extremity when it counterfeits the better, signs and wonders and false powers accompany the worse one through the cooperation of his father, the devil. For a cooperation from the devil himself arises—beyond the demonic cooperations that deceive the most worthless of men—in order to deceive the human race. Paul speaks of this so-called antichrist, teaching and setting forth the matter with a certain reserve: how he will appear, when he will come to humankind, and why. And one must ask whether Paul does not treat these things with the utmost dignity, in no way deserving even the slightest contempt.
Greek
Ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ τὰ περὶ τοῦ καλουμένου ἀντιχρίστου παραῤῥιπτεῖ ὁ Κέλσος. ουτε τὰ ἐν τῷ Δανιὴλ οὔτε τὰ παρὰ τῷ Παύλῳ ἀναγνοὺς περὶ αὐτοῦ εἰρημένα οὔτε τὰ ἐν τοῖς εὐαγγελίοις ὑπὸ τοῦ σωτῆρος προφητευθέντα περὶ τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ, ὀλίγα καὶ περὶ τούτου λεκτέον. ὅτι „ὥσπερ οὐχ ὅμοια πρόσωπα προσώποις. οὕτως οὐδὲ αἱ καρδίαι ὅμοιαι ταῖς καρδίαις τῶν ἀνθρώπων.“ δῆλον ὅτι εἶεν ἂν ἐν „ταῖς καρδίαις τῶν ἀνθρώπων“ διαφοραὶ καὶ τῶν πρὸς τὸ καλὸν νενευκότων, οὐκ ἐπ᾿ ἴσης καὶ παραπλησίως ἀλλήλοις πάντων τυπωθέντων καὶ μορφωθέντων πρὸς αὐτὸ, καὶ τῶν δι᾿ ἀμέλειαν τοῦ καλοῦ ἐπὶ τὰ ἐναντία ᾀττόντων· καὶ ἐν τούτοις γὰρ ἐν οἷς μέν ἐστι σφόδρα κεχυμένη ἡ κακία ἐν οἷς δ᾿ ἐπ᾿ ἔλαττον· τί οὖν ἄτοπον δύο, ἵν᾿ οὕτως ὀνομάσω, ἀκρότητας. τὴν μὲν τοῦ καλοῦ τὴν δὲ τοῦ ἐναντίου, ἐν ἀνθρώποις γίνεσθαι, ὥστε τὴν μὲν τοῦ καλοῦ ἀκρότητα εἶναι ἐν τῷ κατὰ τὸν Ἰησοῦν νοουμένῳ ἀνθρώπῳ, ἀφ᾿ ου ἡ τοσαύτη ἔῤῥευσε τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐπιστροφὴ καὶ θεραπεία καὶ βελτίωσις, τὴν δὲ τοῦ ἐναντίου ἐν τῷ κατὰ τὸν ὀνομαζόμενον ἀντίχριστον; πάντα δὲ τῇ ἑαυτοῦ προγνώσει ἐκπεριλαβὼν ὁ θεὸς καὶ ἰδὼν τὰ περὶ ἀμφοτέρων τούτων ἐβουλήθη περὶ τούτων γνωρίσαι διὰ τῶν προφητῶν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις, ἵνα οἱ συνιέντες τῶν λόγων αὐτῶν οἰκειωθῶσι μὲν τῷ κρείττονι. φυλάξωνται δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐναντίου. ἐχρῆν δὲ τὸν μὲν ἕτερον τῶν ἄκρων καὶ βέλτιστον υἱὸν ἀναγορεύεσθαι τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τὴν ὑπεροχὴν, τὸν δὲ τούτῳ κατὰ διάμετρον ἐναντίον υἱὸν τοῦ πονηροῦ δαίμονος καὶ Σατανᾶ καὶ διαβόλου. εἶτ᾿ ἐπεὶ τότε μάλιστα τὸ φαῦλον ἐν τῇ χύσει τῆς κακίας καὶ τῇ ἀκρότητι αὐτῆς εἶναι χαρακτηρίζεται, ὅτε ὑποκρίνεται τὸ κρεῖττον, διὰ τοῦτο περὶ τὸν χείρονα γίνεται ἐκ συνεργίας τῆς τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ διαβόλου σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα καὶ δυνάμεις ψεύδους. ὑπὲρ γὰρ τὰς εἰς τοὺς γόητας γινομένας ἀπὸ δαιμόνων συνεργίας πρὸς τὰ φαυλότατα τῶν ἀνθρώπους ἀπατώντων γίνεται συνεργία ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ τοῦ διαβόλου ἐπὶ ἀπάτῃ τοῦ γένους τῶν ἀνθρώπων. Λέγει δὲ ὁ Παῦλος περὶ τούτου τοῦ καλουμένου ἀντιχρίστου διδάσκων καὶ παριστὰς μετά τινος ἐπικρύψεως, τίνα τρόπον ἐπιδημήσει καὶ πότε τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων καὶ διὰ τί· καὶ ὅρα εἰ μὴ σεμνότατα περὶ τούτων ὁ Παῦλος ἐκτίθεται καὶ οὐκ ἀξίως χλεύης τινὸς κἂν ἐλαχίστης·