Tertullian, A Treatise on the Soul 7

I have said enough about the philosophers; for our own people, the corporality of the soul will become clear from the Gospel itself, and with plenty to spare. A certain soul grieves in the underworld, is punished in flame, and is tormented in the tongue, and it begs from the finger of a happier soul the solace of dew (Luke 16:19-31). Do you take that scene—the poor man rejoicing, the rich man mourning—to be a mere image? And what is Lazarus' name doing there, if it is not a true thing? But even if it is an image, it will serve as testimony to the truth. For if the soul did not have a body, it would not take on the image of a body; nor would Scripture lie about bodily members if they did not exist (Luke 16:19-31). What, then, is transferred to the underworld after the body's divorce? What is detained? What is reserved until the day of judgment? To which Christ also descended when he died—I mean to the souls of the Patriarchs (Luke 16:19-31). But why would he descend, if the soul is nothing under the earth? For it is nothing if it is not a body: incorporeality is free from every kind of custody, immune from punishment and from heat. Whatever it is through which a thing is punished or heated, that will be a body; I will give a fuller account of this later and at a better time. Therefore, if the soul undergoes any torment or solace in the prison or lodging of the underworld, in fire or in the bosom of Abraham, the corporality of the soul will be proven. For incorporeality suffers nothing, since it lacks that through which it could suffer; or if it has such a thing, that thing will be a body. Insofar as everything bodily is capable of suffering, to that extent what is capable of suffering is bodily.