One God, Old and New Testaments

Tertullian, Against Marcion 10

Tertullian · c. 155–c. 220 AD

The Creator of all things has been known alongside creation itself from the very beginning, since these things were brought into existence precisely so that God might be recognized. Even if Moses appears somewhat later as the first to dedicate the God of the world in the temple of his writings, that does not mean the origins of divine knowledge are to be dated from the Pentateuch. Moses' entire narrative does not establish knowledge of the Creator; it recounts it from the beginning — from paradise and Adam, not from Egypt and Moses. The vast majority of the human race, who never even heard the name of Moses, let alone read his books, still knew the God of Moses. Even under the blinding domination of idolatry, they singled him out as if by his own proper name — 'God,' 'God of gods,' 'if God gives,' 'what pleases God,' 'I commend to God.' Consider whether they knew the one whom they acknowledge as able to do all things. They owe this knowledge to none of Moses' books. The soul comes before prophecy. For from the beginning, consciousness of God is a gift given to the soul; that same consciousness, not another, exists in Egyptians, Syrians, and Pontics alike. (They call the God of the Jews the God of the soul.) Do not, you barbarous heretic, set Abraham prior to the world. Even if the Creator had been the God of a single family, he would still not be later than your doctrine; the Pontics knew him before Abraham. Let your doctrine therefore receive its shape from its predecessor — the uncertain from the certain, the unknown from the known. God will never be hidden, never be absent; he will always be understood, always be heard, and even seen, however he chooses. God has his witnesses: the whole of what we are and the world in which we live. Thus God is proven, and proven one, while he remains unignored — even as another still labors to prove him.

Latin

siquidem a primordio rerum conditor harum cum ipsis pariter compertus est, ipsis ad hoc prolatis, ut deus cognosceretur. I nec enim si aliquanto posterior Moyses primus uidetur in templo litterarum suarum deum mundi dedicasse, idcirco a Pentateucho natales agnitionis supputabuntur, cum totus Moysei stilus notitiam creatoris non instituat, sed a primordio enarret, a paradiso et Adam, non ab Aegypto et Moyse recensendam, denique maior popularitas generis humani, ne nominis quidem Moysei compotes, nedum instrumenti, deum Moysei tamen norunt; etiam tantam idolatria dominationem obumbrante, seorsum tamen illum quasi proprio nomine deum') perhibent et 'deum deorum' et 'si deus dederit' et 'quod deo placet' et 'deo commendo.' uide, an nouerint quem omnia posse testantur. nec hoc ullis Moysei libris debent. ante anima quam prophetia. animae enim a primordio conscientia dei dos est; eadem nec alia et in Aegyptiis et in Syris et in Ponticis. [Iudaeorum enim deum dicunt animae deum.] noli, barbare haeretice, priorem Abraham constituere quam mundum. et si unius familiae deus fuisset creator, tamen posterior tuo non erat, etiam Ponticis ante eum notus. accipiat igitur ab antecessore formam, a certo incertus, a cognito incognitus: numquam deus latebit, numquam deus deerit, semper intellegetur, semper audietur, etiam uidebitur, quomodo uolet. habet deus testimonia: totum hoc quod sumus et in quo sumus. sic probatur et deus et unus, dum non ignoratur, alio adhuc probari laborante.

Report a mistake in this passage