Homily on the Forty Martyrs of Sebaste · §5 · Basil of Caesarea

The guard takes the deserter's place

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Basil is narrating the climax of the Forty's contest: the guard watching the freezing martyrs sees heavenly powers distributing crowns, and when one soldier deserts, the guard confesses Christ and joins the martyrs in his place.

The man entrusted with guarding the martyrs was warming himself nearby at some gymnasium, watching for what would happen, ready to receive any of the soldiers who fled over to him. For this too had been devised: that a bath was nearby, promising swift relief to those who changed their minds. What the enemy had maliciously contrived—finding a place for the contest where the ready comfort would weaken the steadfastness of the contestants—this very thing made the endurance of the martyrs shine more brightly. For it is not the one who lacks necessities who shows endurance, but the one who holds fast amid an abundance of enjoyment. As they were contending and he was watching for the outcome, he saw a strange sight: powers descending from heaven, distributing great gifts to the soldiers as if from a king. To all the others they divided the gifts, but one alone they left without a gift, judging him unworthy of heavenly honors—who, immediately giving up on the struggle, deserted to the enemy. A pitiful sight to the righteous: the soldier a fugitive, the champion a captive, Christ's sheep caught by wild beasts. And what was more pitiful still: he both missed eternal life and did not enjoy this present life, for his flesh dissolved at once when the heat struck him. The lover of life fell, having broken faith to no purpose. But the guard, when he saw him turn aside and run to the bath, put himself in the deserter's place, threw off his garments, and joined himself to the naked ones, crying out the same cry as the saints: "I am a Christian." By the suddenness of his change he astonished those present, filled up the number, and comforted the grief over the one who had weakened by his own addition—imitating those in battle line who, when the man in the first shield falls, immediately fill the gap in the phalanx so that their shield-wall is not broken by the missing one. Something like this he did. He saw the heavenly wonders, recognized the truth, fled for refuge to the Master, and was numbered with the martyrs. He restored the company of the disciples: Judas departed, and Matthias was brought in. He became an imitator of Paul—the one yesterday a persecutor, today preaching the gospel. He too had his call from above, not from men nor through a man. He believed in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ; he was baptized into Him, not by another but by his own faith, not in water but in his own blood. And so, as day was beginning, still breathing they were handed over to the fire, and the remains of the fire were cast into the river, so that the contest of the blessed ones passed through all creation. On earth they contended, in the air they endured, to fire they were handed over, the water received them. Theirs is the voice: "We went through fire and water, and You brought us out to refreshment" (Psalm 65:12 (Hebrew 66:12)). These are the ones who have taken hold of our region, like continuous towers providing security against the assaults of the enemy—not shutting themselves up in one place, but already visiting many districts and adorning many homelands. And the wonder is that they do not come to those who receive them divided one by one, but mixed with one another, unitedly they move in company.

Greek

Ὁ γὰρ τὴν φυλακὴν τῶν μαρτύρων πεπιστευμένος, ἐγγύθεν ἀπό τινος γυμνασίου διαθαλπόμενος, ἀπεσκόπει τὸ μέλλον, ἕτοιμος προσδέχεσθαι τῶν στρατιωτῶν τοὺς προσ φεύγοντας. Καὶ γὰρ αὖ καὶ τοῦτο, ἐγγύθεν εἶναι λουτρὸν, ἐπενοήθη, ὀξεῖαν τὴν βοήθειαν τοῖς μετα βαλλομένοις ἐπαγγελλόμενον. Ὅπερ μέντοι τοῖς ἐναντίοις κακούργως ἐπενοήθη, τοιοῦτον ἐξευρεῖν τῆς ἀθλήσεως τόπον, ἐν ᾧ τὸ ἕτοιμον τῆς παραμυθίας ἐκλύειν ἔμελλε τῶν ἀγωνιζομένων τὴν ἔνστασιν· τοῦτο λαμπροτέραν ἐδείκνυε τὴν ὑπομονὴν τῶν μαρτύρων. Οὐ γὰρ ὁ ἀπορῶν τῶν ἀναγκαίων καρτερικὸς, ἀλλ' ὁ ἐν ἀφθονίᾳ τῆς ἀπολαύσεως ἐγκαρτερῶν τοῖς δεινοῖς. Ὡς δὲ οἱ μὲν ἠγωνίζοντο, ὁ δὲ ἐπετήρει τὸ ἐκβησόμενον, εἶδε θέαμα ξένον, δυνάμεις τινὰς ἐξ οὐρανῶν κατιούσας, καὶ οἷον παρὰ βασιλέως δωρεὰς μεγάλας διανεμούσας τοῖς στρατιώταις· αἳ τοῖς μὲν ἄλλοις πᾶσι διῄρουν τὰ δῶρα, ἕνα δὲ μόνον ἀφῆκαν ἀγέραστον, ἀνάξιον κρίνασαι τῶν οὐρανίων τιμῶν· ὃς εὐθὺς, πρὸς τοὺς πόνους ἀπαγορεύσας, πρὸς τοὺς ἐναντίους ἀπηυτομόλησεν. Ἐλεεινὸν θέαμα τοῖς δικαίοις ὁ στρατιώτης φυγὰς, ὁ ἀριστεὺς αἰχμάλωτος, τὸ Χριστοῦ πρόβατον θηριάλωτον· καὶ τό γε ἐλεεινότερον, ὅτι καὶ τῆς αἰωνίου ζωῆς διήμαρτε, καὶ οὐδὲ ταύτης ἀπήλαυσεν, εὐθὺς αὐτῷ τῆς σαρκὸς ἐν τῇ προσβολῇ τῆς θέρμης διαλυθείσης. Καὶ ὁ μὲν φιλόζωος ἔπεσεν ἀνομήσας διακενῆς· ὁ δὲ δήμιος, ὡς εἶδεν αὐτὸν ἐκκλίναντα, καὶ πρὸς τὸ βαλανεῖον ἀποδραμόντα, ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὴν τοῦ λειποτακτήσαντος χώραν ἀντικατέστησε, καὶ ῥίψας τὰ περιβόλαια, τοῖς γυμνοῖς ἑαυτὸν ἐγκατέμιξε, κράζων τὴν αὐτὴν βοὴν τοῖς ἁγίοις· Χριστιανός εἰμι. Καὶ τῷ ἀθρόῳ τῆς μεταβολῆς ἐκπλήξας τοὺς συμπαρόντας, τόν τε ἀριθμὸν ἀνεπλήρωσε, καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ τῷ καταμαλακι σθέντι λύπην τῇ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ προσθήκῃ παρεμυθήσατο, μιμησάμενος τοὺς ἐπὶ παρατάξεως, οἳ, τοῦ κατὰ τὴν πρώτην ἀσπίδα πεσόντος, εὐθὺς ἀναπληροῦσι τὴν φάλαγγα, ὡς μὴ τὸν συνασπισμὸν αὐτοῖς διακοπῆναι τῷ λείποντι. Τοιοῦτον δή τι καὶ αὐτὸς ἐποίησεν. Εἶδε τὰ οὐράνια θαύματα, ἐπέγνω τὴν ἀλήθειαν, προσέφυγε τῷ Δεσπότῃ, συνηριθμήθη τοῖς μάρτυσι. Τὰ τῶν μαθητῶν ἀνενεώσατο. Ἀπῆλθεν Ἰούδας, καὶ ἀντεισήχθη Ματθίας. Μιμητὴς ἐγένετο Παύλου, ὁ χθὲς διώκτης, σήμερον εὐαγγελιζόμενος. Ἄνωθεν ἔσχε καὶ αὐτὸς τὴν κλῆσιν, Οὐκ ἀπ' ἀν θρώπων, οὐδὲ δι' ἀνθρώπου. Ἐπίστευσεν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ· ἐβαπτίσθη εἰς αὐτὸν, οὐχ ὑπὸ ἄλλου, ἀλλ' ὑπὸ τῆς οἰκείας πί στεως· οὐκ ἐν ὕδατι, ἀλλ' ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ αἵματι. Καὶ οὕτως, ἡμέρας ἀρχομένης, ἔτι ἐμπνέοντες τῷ πυρὶ παρεδόθησαν, καὶ τὰ τοῦ πυρὸς λείψανα ἐπὶ τὸν ποταμὸν ἀπεῤῥίφη· ὥστε διὰ πάσης τῆς κτίσεως διεξελθεῖν τῶν μακαρίων τὴν ἄθλησιν. Ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἠγωνίσαντο, τῷ ἀέρι ἐνεκαρτέρησαν, τῷ πυρὶ παρεδόθησαν, τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτοὺς ὑπεδέξατο. Ἐκείνων ἐστὶν ἡ φωνή· Διήλθομεν διὰ πυρὸς καὶ ὕδατος, καὶ ἐξήγαγες ἡμᾶς εἰς ἀναψυχήν. Οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ τὴν καθ' ἡμᾶς χώραν διαλαβόντες, οἱονεὶ πύργοι τινὲς συνεχεῖς, ἀσφάλειαν ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἐναν τίων καταδρομῆς παρεχόμενοι, οὐχ ἑνὶ τόπῳ ἑαυ τοὺς κατακλείσαντες, ἀλλὰ πολλοῖς ἤδη ἐπιξενωθέντες χωρίοις, καὶ πολλὰς πατρίδας κατακοσμή σαντες. Καὶ τὸ παράδοξον, οὐ καθ' ἕνα διαμερισθέντες τοῖς δεχομένοις ἐπιφοιτῶσιν· ἀλλ' ἀναμιχθέντες ἀλλήλοις, ἡνωμένως χορεύουσιν.

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