System of Sacred Theology · §1.5.16 · Ludwig Crocius

First contradiction: papists equate unwritten tradition with Scripture; kinds of tradition

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IX. To the perfection of sacred Scripture that we have explained, the papists first contradict, who equate tradition — or the unwritten word — with the written, and decree that the whole mass of their traditions must be received and believed with equal affection of piety together with the undoubted Word of God. See the Council of Trent, session 4, chapter 1; Bellarmine, On Justification 3.3. When James, bishop of Cloches, had called that decree hard, he was ordered by the pontiff to go to Rome to obtain pardon, as Paolo Vergerio reports in a letter to the king of Poland. By unwritten traditions, says Adam Tanner in the Ratisbon Colloquy, we understand certain precepts or constitutions pertaining to faith or religion which, the infallible authority of the Church set aside, are neither openly expressed in Scripture nor evidently deduced from it.

Note here the cover they stretch: (1) faith-dogmas; (2) moral institution; (3) observation of rites. Hence of traditions we can call some dogmatic, some ethical, and others hieratic or ritual. Dogmatic and ethical ones outside Scripture we receive none. For though not every particular of the Apostles was written — because we have neither knowledge nor number of the particulars — yet their common foundation, reason, and proof is contained in the Scriptures, in which the Church of Christ finds and recognizes the genera of particulars, even if not every particular of the genera. For singular narratives of the sayings and deeds of Christ and the Apostles that are read among the ancients, and that can be called historical traditions, must be judged from Scripture and held as human writings. But ritual traditions are either universal or particular. The former have a general foundation in Scripture (1 Corinthians 14:40), and so are called unwritten traditions only by catachresis — and these we necessarily and gladly receive. But the particular ones, as the name itself shows, could and should vary according to the variety of times, places, and persons, and therefore we judge that they do not oblige the universal Church of Christ.

Latin

IX. Perfectioni sacrae Scripturae, quam explicavimus, primo contradicunt Pontificii, qui traditionem, sive verbum non-scriptum scripto aequant & totam traditionum suarum molem pari pietatis affectu cum indubitato Dei verbo suscipiendam & credendam decernunt. Videasis Concil. Trid. sess. 4. cap. 1. Bellarm. l. 3. de Justif. cap. 3. Quod decretum cum Jacobus Nachiantes Fossae Clodiae episcopus durum dixisset, Romam abire jussus est a pontifice veniam impetratum, ut refert Paulus Vergerius epistola ad regem Poloniae. Per traditiones, inquit Adamus Tannerus in colloq. Ratisb. sess. 1. p. 325. non scriptas intelligimus ejusmodi quaedam praecepta seu constituta ad fidem seu religionem spectantia, quae exclusa infallibili authoritate Ecclesiae, in Scriptura nec aperte exprimuntur, nec ex ea evidenter deducuntur. Notanda hic est dilum obtendunt: 1. fidei dogmata. 2. morum institutio. 3. rituum observatio. Hinc traditionum alias dogmaticas, alias ethicas, alias vero hieraticas sive rituales appellare possumus. Dogmaticas & ethicas extra Scripturam nullas recipimus. Nam etsi singula Apostolorum non scripta sint; quia singulorum nec scientia est, nec numerus: commune vero eorum fundamentum, ratio & probatio in Scripturis continetur, in quibus Ecclesia Christi genera singulorum, licet non singula generum, reperit & agnoscit. Singulares enim de Christi Apostolorumque dictis & factis narrationes, quae apud veteres leguntur, & historicae traditiones vocari queunt, ex Scriptura dijudicandae sunt, & pro humanis scriptis habendae. Rituales vero traditiones vel universales sunt, vel particulares. Illae generale fundamentum habent in Scriptura, 1. Cor. 14.v.40. & sic nonnisi per catachresin traditiones non-scriptae dicuntur — & has necessario libenterque recipimus. Particulares vero, ipso nomine indice, varie mutari potuisse ac debuisse, pro temporum, locorum ac personarum varietate, ac proinde universam Christi ecclesiam non obligare judicamus.

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