Euripides vs birds; no charms; Lord Sabaoth misuse
Neither oath, nor faith, nor prophets’ Sayings having tested, you cast me out of land unjudged. Theseus toward this said: This tablet not having received a lot Accuses you faithfully; yet the birds going above the head, I say farewell much. And indeed God’s voice would become trustworthy, and the faith better than the writing in a tablet, if somehow it is also not unlikely for us to speak false; yet to sin nothing is God’s, and the true is most especially dear. Yet Theseus somehow knew altogether that the birds going above the head are nothing completely. Therefore one must not yet ascribe the knowledge of the things about to be to demons, yet rather we will distribute it to God as exceptional. And trickery will be hereafter—the birds’ prophecies—and a clear proof of an unsafe understanding—the faith upon this. And somewhere also the law itself says: ‘You will not use bird-omens,’ knowing the matter abominable, and most especially abominated beside the God ruling all.
Palladius: Thus these things seem to me myself also to hold.
Cyril: And since again this secret and old-wives’ whispering would also be a portion and manner of sorcery. Therefore also the divine Moses clarified the laws from above for us, always joining the stumblings, and somehow as it were setting the charm in brotherhood and same-nature with the drug-working. ‘For there will not be,’ he was saying, ‘in you one prophesying a prophecy, using bird-omens and omen-taking, a drug-worker, a charmer, a wonder-watcher, and a ventriloquist, and one asking the dead.’ Yet the charm is sick with the all-shameful altogether, and with lying very much in evil, yet somehow some have been fluttered unto this, saying that—Lord Sabaoth they name while charming over the sick, the caretakers of such things. In this way then they also hurry to confirm that the practice would not be shameful hereafter. Yet they seem to be carried off by a cold and inactive reasoning unto deceit and mind-harm; therefore this very thing is that the matter is most hard to bear. For we cry out the ‘Lord Sabaoth’ to the God of the wholes, wishing to doxologize; yet to no other of the things that are do we grant to have such a calling. For one and alone is the Lord of the powers. Yet they easily cast aside the thus supernatural and most glorious surname—or then doxology—to whichever of the demons playing together with them they should choose, and to the actors of their wonder-working they gift the glory most fitting for God and him alone, both flattering and being flattered, and distributing the excess of such terrible impiety of the running-together upon whatever they should choose unto a counter-payment. For always God-fighting and most glory-loving is the band of the demons. Therefore we must not be carried off together with those ones’ bad counsels, yet rather stand off as farthest, and not pay attention to wicked healers or wonder-workers—the demons—asking as some wage of the playthings unto us the blasphe
Greek
Οὔθ' ὅρκον, οὔτε πίστιν, οὐδὲ μάντεων Φήμας ἐλέγξας, ἄκριτον ἐκβάλλεις με γῆς. Θησέα πρὸς τοῦτο εἰπεῖν· Ἡ δέλτος ἤδε κλῆρον οὐ δεδεγμένη Κατηγορεῖ σου πιστά· τοὺς δ' ὑπὲρ κάρα Φοιτῶντας ὄρνεις, πόλλ' ἐγὼ χαίρειν λέγω. Καὶ μὴν ἀξιόχρεως ἡ Θεοῦ φωνὴ γένοιτ' ἂν, καὶ τῆς ἐν δέλτῳ γραφῆς, ἀμείνων ἡ πίστις, εἴπερ ἐστὶ καὶ ψευδοεπεῖν οὐκ ἀπεικὸς ἡμᾶς· μηδὲν δὲ ἁμαρτεῖν, ἔστι Θεοῦ, καὶ τὸ ἀληθὲς ὅτι μάλιστα φίλον. Ἀλλ' ᾔδει που πάντως τοὺς ὑπὲρ κάρα φοιτῶντας ὄρνεις Θησεὺς, οὐδὲν ὄντας παντελῶς. Οὐκοῦν δαιμονίοις μὲν ἀναθετέον οὔτι πω τῶν ἐσομένων τὴν γνῶσιν, Θεῷ δὲ μᾶλλον αὐτὴν προσνεμοῦμεν ὡς ἐξαίρετον. Καὶ φενακισμὸς ἔσται λοιπὸν, τὰ τῶν ὀρνίθων μαντεύματα, καὶ διανοίας οὐκ ἀσφαλοῦς ἔλεγχος ἐναργὴς, ἡ ἐπὶ τῷδε πίστις. Καὶ αὐτὸς δέ πού φησιν ὁ νόμος· «Οὐκ οἰωνιεῖσθε,» βδελυρὸν τὸ χρῆμα εἰδὼς, καὶ ὅτι μάλιστα κατεστυγημένον παρά γε τῷ πάντων κρατοῦντι Θεῷ.
{ΠΑΛΛ.} Ὧδε ταῦτα ἔχειν καὶ αὐτῷ μοι δοκεῖ.
{ΚΥΡ.} Ἐπειδὴ δὲ πάλιν, καὶ ὁ λαθραῖος οὗτος καὶ γραοπρεπὴς ψιθυρισμὸς, γοητείας ἂν εἴη μοῖρα τε καὶ τρόπος. Τοιγάρτοι καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος Μωσῆς τοὺς ἄνωθεν ἡμῖν διεσαφήνισε νόμους, ἀεὶ συνάπτων τὰ πλημμελήματα, καὶ οἱονεί πως ἐν ἀδελφότητι καὶ ὁμοφυΐᾳ τιθεὶς τῇ φαρμακείᾳ τὴν ἐπῳδήν. «Οὐκ ἔσται γὰρ, ἔφασκεν, ἐν ὑμῖν μαντευόμενος μαντείαν, οἰωνιζόμενος καὶ κληδονιζόμενος, φαρμακὸς, ἐπαοιδὸς, τερατοσκόπος, καὶ ἐγγαστρίμυθος, καὶ ἐπερωτῶν τοὺς νεκρούς.» Ἀλλὰ νοσεῖ μὲν ἡ ἐπῳδὴ τὸ πάναισχρον κομιδῇ, καὶ τὸ ἐν κακῷ κεῖσθαι λίαν, ἀνεπτόηνται δὲ οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως εἰς τοῦτό τινες, ἐκεῖνο λέγοντες ὅτι Κύριον Σαβαὼθ ὀνομάζουσι κατεπᾴδοντες τοῖς ἠῤῥωστηκόσιν οἱ τῶν τοιῶνδε μελεδωνοί. Ταύτῃ τοι καὶ ἐμπεδοῦν, ὅτι μὴ αἰσχρὸν εἴη λοιπὸν τὸ ἐπιτήδευμα, διασπεύδουσιν. Ἐοίκασι δὲ ψυχρῷ τε καὶ ἀδρανεῖ πρὸς ἀπάτην καὶ φρενοβλάβειαν ἀποκομίζεσθαι λογισμῷ· τοιγάρτοι τοῦ πράγματος ὅτι μάλιστα δυσαχθὲς, αὐτὸ δὴ τοῦτό ἐστιν. Ἡμεῖς γὰρ τὸ, Κύριος Σαβαὼθ, τῷ τῶν ὅλων ἀναφωνοῦμεν Θεῷ, δοξολογεῖν ἐθέλοντες· ἑτέρῳ γε μὴν τῶν ὄντων οὐδενὶ τὴν τοιάνδε κλῆσιν ἐφίεμεν ἔχειν. Εἷς γὰρ καὶ μόνος ἐστὶν ὁ τῶν δυνάμεων Κύριος. Οἱ δὲ, τὴν οὕτως ὑπερφυᾶ καὶ εὐκλεεστάτην ἐπωνυμίαν, ἤτοι δοξολογίαν, παραῤῥίπτουσιν εὐκόλως οἷς ἂν ἕλοιντο τῶν συναθυρόντων αὐτοῖς δαιμονίων, καὶ τοῖς τῆς τερατουργίας αὐτῶν ὑποκριταῖς, τὴν Θεῷ καὶ μόνῳ πρεπωδεστάτην χαρίζονται δόξαν, κολακεύοντές τε καὶ κολακευόμενοι, καὶ τῆς οὕτω δεινῆς δυσσεβείας τὴν ὑπερβολὴν, τῆς ἐφ' οἷς ἂν ἕλοιντο συνδρομῆς ἀπονέμοντες εἰς ἀντέκτισιν. Θεομάχον γὰρ ἀεὶ καὶ φιλοδοξότατον τῶν δαιμονίων τὸ στῖφος. Χρὴ τοιγαροῦν, μὴ ταῖς ἐκείνων ἡμᾶς συναποφέρεσθαι δυσβουλίαις, ἀποφοιτᾷν δὲ μᾶλλον ὡς ἀπωτάτω, καὶ μὴ πονηροῖς προσέχειν ἰατροῖς ἢ τερατουργοῖς, τοῖς δαίμοσι, μισθὸν ὥσπερ τινὰ τῶν εἰς ἡμᾶς ἀθυρμάτων ἐξαιτοῦσι τὰς δυσφη
About this text
Cyril continues the dialogue with Palladius. Book 6 of a seventeen-book dialogue — not the whole work.
English follows Migne PG 68 (Aubert reprint). The PDF and a cleaned text of the same print were checked against each other. This page is Book 6 of seventeen. This is a reading translation for study, not a new critical edition of the Greek.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Migne PG 68 De adoratione Book 5 (Aubert reprint) (Greek · Book 6)
- Checked print PDF of PG 68 De adoratione (Greek · Book 6)
English is newly prepared for study from the stated edition. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.