Against Celsus, Book IV · §10 · Origen of Alexandria

Threats of punishment and promises of the kingdom

After this, as is his habit, Celsus again establishes and proves nothing, but, as though we talked about God without holiness or reverence, he says: “That they talk on about God in this way without holiness or reverence is quite plain.” He thinks that we do these things to astonish the uneducated, and not because we speak the truth about punishments that are necessary for those who have sinned. That is why he likens us to those who, in the Bacchic mysteries, bring on the phantoms and terrors beforehand.

Now as to the Bacchic mysteries, whether there is any convincing account of them or none at all, let the Greeks speak, and let Celsus and his fellow revellers listen. We, for our part, make our defence for our own teaching, saying that our aim is to set the human race right. We do this either through the threats of punishment, which we are persuaded are necessary for the universe, and perhaps not without use even to those who will suffer them, or through the promises made to those who have lived well, which hold out the blessed life in the kingdom of God for those worthy to have him reign over them.

Greek

Μετὰ ταῦτα πάλιν, ὡς σύνηθές ἐστιν αὐτῷ, μηδὲν κατασκευάσας μηδ᾿ ἀποδείξας ὁ Κέλσος, ὡσπερεὶ οὐχ ὁσίως ἡμῶν οὐδ᾿ εὐαγῶς περὶ τοῦ θεοῦ θρυλούντων, φησίν· ὅτι μὲν οὖν οὐχ ὁσίως οὐδὲ εὐαγῶς ταῦτα περὶ τοῦ θεοῦ θρυλοῦσιν εὔδηλον, καὶ οἴεταί γε ἐπὶ θάμβει τῶν ἰδιωτῶν ταῦθ᾿ ἡμᾶς ποιεῖν, οὐχὶ δὲ τἀληθῆ περὶ κολάσεων λέγοντας ἀναγκαίων τοῖς ἡμαρτηκόσι· διόπερ ἐξομοιοῖ ἡμᾶς τοῖς ἐν ταῖς Βακχικαῖς τελεταῖς τὰ φάσματα καὶ τὰ δείματα προεισάγουσι. περὶ μὲν οὖν τῶν Βακχικῶν τελετῶν εἴτε τις ἐστὶ πιθανὸς λόγος εἴτε μηδεὶς τοιοῦτος, λεγέτωσαν Ἕλληνες καὶ ἀκουέτω Κέλσος καὶ οἱ συνθιασῶται αὐτοῦ· ἡμεῖς δὲ περὶ τῶν ἡμετέρων ἀπολογούμεθα, λέγοντες ὅτι τὸ προκείμενον ἡμῖν ἐστιν ἐπανορθοῦν τὸ γένος τῶν ἀνθρώπων εἴτε διὰ τῶν περὶ κολάσεων ἀπειλῶν, ἃς πεπείσμεθα ἀναγκαίας εἶναι τῷ παντὶ τάχα δὲ καὶ τοῖς πεισομένοις αὐτὰς οὐκ ἀχρήστους, εἴτε διὰ τῶν ἐπὶ τοὺς καλῶς βεβιωκότας ἐπαγγελιῶν, περιεχουσῶν τὰ περὶ τῆς μακαρίας ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῖς ἀξίοις ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ βασιλεύεσθαι διεξαγωγῆς.

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About this text

Origen answers Celsus’s scorn for the belief that God or his Son comes down to the world, showing that the Word comes down without change and that God’s threats and punishments are a cure, not a fit of temper. He then defends the stories of Genesis and the patriarchs, read in their deeper sense, against the charge that they are silly tales, and rejects Celsus’s claim that the world was made no more for man than for the animals, which Celsus thought nearer to God than men.

Translated from the Greek of Koetschau, GCS 2–3 (1899), via the Perseus digital text, which serves as the base text. Each chapter was translated from the Greek and then checked clause by clause against it in a separate review. No earlier English translation was consulted.

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Translated from Koetschau GCS 2 – 3 (1899) — Greek (Greek · Book IV, chapters 1 – 99)

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