Against Celsus, Book VI · §78 · Origen of Alexandria

Zeus in the comedy and the one corner

Next Celsus says something like this: “Moreover, if God, like Zeus in the comic poet, woke from his long sleep and wished to rescue the human race from evils, why did he send this spirit, as you call it, into one corner? He ought to have breathed it alike into many bodies and sent them out over the whole world. But the comic poet was raising a laugh in the theatre when he wrote that Zeus woke up and sent Hermes to the Athenians and the Spartans; do you not think you have made a more laughable thing of it, with the Son of God sent to the Jews?”

See here too how unseemly Celsus is. Quite unlike a philosopher, he takes up a comic poet whose business is laughter, and he compares our God, the Maker of the universe, with that poet’s Zeus, who wakes up and sends Hermes. We said earlier that God did not send Jesus to the human race as though he had risen from a long sleep. For good reasons he has now carried out the dispensation of the incarnation, but he has always done good to the human race. For nothing good among men has come about without the divine Word coming to dwell in the souls of those who were able, even for a short time, to receive such workings of the divine Word. Moreover, the coming of Jesus, which seems to have been into one corner, took place for good reason. The one foretold had to come to those who had come to know the one God, who read his prophets and were learning of the Christ proclaimed to them; and he had to come at the time when the Word was about to be poured out from one corner over the whole world.

Greek

Ἑξῆς δὲ τοιαῦτά τινα λέγει ὁ Κέλσος· ἔτι μὴν εἴπερ ἐβούλετο ὁ θεὸς ὥσπερ ὁ παρὰ τῷ κωμῳδῷ Ζεὺς ἐκ τοῦ μακροῦ ὕπνου διϋπνίσας ῥύσασθαι τὸ (τῶν) ἀνθρώπων γένος ἐκ κακῶν, τί δή ποτε εἰς μίαν γωνίαν ἔπεμψε τοῦτο, ὅ φατε, πνεῦμα; δέον πολλὰ ὁμοίως διαφυσῆσαι σώματα καὶ κατὰ πᾶσαν ἀποστεῖλαι τὴν οἰκουμένην. ἀλλ᾿ ὁ μὲν κωμῳδὸς ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ γελωτοποιῶν συνέγραψεν ὅτι Ζεὺς ἐξυπνισθεὶς Ἀθηναίοις καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις τὸν Ἑρμῆν ἔπεμψε· σὺ δὲ οὐκ οἴει καταγελαστότερον πεποιηκέναι Ἰουδαίοις πεμπόμενον τοῦ θεοῦ τὸν υἱόν; ὅρα δὴ καὶ ἐν τούτοις τὸ ἄσεμνον τοῦ Κέλσου, ἀφιλοσόφως κωμῳδίας ποιητὴν γελωτοποιὸν παραλαβόντος καὶ τῷ παρ᾿ αὐτῷ διϋπνισθέντι πέμποντι Ἑρμῆν παραβάλλοντος τὸν τοῦ παντὸς δημιουργὸν θεὸν ἡμῶν. εἴπομεν δὴ ἐν τοῖς πρὸ τούτων ὅτι οὐχ ὥσπερ ἀπὸ μακροῦ ὕπνου διαναστὰς ὁ θεὸς ἔπεμψε τὸν Ἰησοῦν τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώ πων, τὴν μὲν κατὰ τὴν ἐνσωμάτωσιν οἰκονομίαν νῦν δι᾿ εὐλόγους αἰτίας ἐπικληρώσαντα ἀεὶ δὲ τὸ γένος τῶν ἀνθρώπων εὐεργετήσαντα. οὐδὲν γὰρ τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις καλῶν γεγένηται, μὴ τοῦ θείου λόγου ἐπιδημήσαντος ταῖς ψυχαῖς τῶν κἂν ὀλίγον καιρὸν δεδυνημένων δέξασθαι τὰς τοιάσδε τοῦ θείου λόγου ἐνεργείας. ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ δοκοῦσα εἰς μίαν γωνίαν ἐπιδημία τοῦ Ἰησοῦ εὐλόγως γεγένηται, ἐπείπερ ἐχρῆν τοῖς ἕνα θεὸν μεμαθηκόσι καὶ τοὺς προφήτας αὐτοῦ ἀναγινώσκουσι καὶ κηρυσσόμενον Χριστὸν μανθάνουσιν ἐπιδημῆσαι τὸν προφητευόμενον καὶ ἐπιδημῆσαι ἐν καιρῷ, ὅτ᾿ ἔμελλεν ἐκχεῖσθαι ἀπὸ μιᾶς γωνίας ὁ λόγος ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην.

Report a mistake in this passage