Christ's fear as bait for death
Christ is speaking in the first person, explaining that his apparent fear of death is a deliberate stratagem to lure the devil and death into attacking him as a mere man.
So do not ask about the manner of my birth or the way of my death. What nature does not accomplish, power brings to completion. Being God, then, I entered a human body. That was first of all contrary to nature—yet it did not become impossible because of nature, since it lay within my authority, the authority of the one who made nature. And again I permitted this very body to fall into the common death, so that the life that rules over death might display the activity of life even within death itself. For a living thing to live is no wonder, but for a dead thing to be made alive—that is great and astonishing. For this reason I allowed it to be dissolved, and after its dissolution I raised it, so that I might show that even when the body was subjected to death I remained without suffering, and that I not only raised my own body but raised together with it the bodies of the righteous who had fallen asleep before.
Willingly, then, out of love for humanity I endure death, and willingly again, according to a certain plan of salvation, I show fear of death. For I fear death so that I may deceive death. Just as in the wilderness, if I had not been hungry, the devil would not have approached. I was hungry for this reason: so that, thinking me to be another Adam, he might bring his snare. So here too I utter words of fear for this reason, as bait, so that I may hook death for myself. For the devil saw me performing many signs: strengthening the paralytic, loosening the tongues of the mute, opening the ears of the deaf, giving sight to the blind, turning the raging of the sea into calm, drying up the flow of the hemorrhaging woman through the touch of the fringe, raising Lazarus by a word, raising Jairus's daughter, calling back the widow's son from the dead. Seeing all these things and being persuaded by the very facts that I am the Son of God who appeared in human form according to the prediction of the prophets, he fears and dreads to nail me to a cross and hand me over to death, lest entering the form of a corpse I set the dead free.
What then do I do, so that I may turn the devil's fear into reckless arrogance and make death rush upon me? I flee so that he will pursue; I show fear so that he will take courage; I use humble words so that he will think I am one of the many, run to me, and swallow me. For if he does not swallow me, he cannot vomit out those he has swallowed. Therefore I speak words of fear, so that by deceiving the deceiver I may undo the deception. With deceitful words he deceived Adam; with fearful words I deceive the deceitful one. But he spoke deceptive words to destroy the human being; I speak words of fear to set the world free.
I am a fisherman fishing for fish. For just as a fisherman puts a worm on the hook, extends the rod, and sometimes lets the hook sink down and sometimes pulls and drags it, so that by making the worm appear to flee he prepares the fish to rush upon it—so I too, placing my body on the hook of my divinity like a worm—for I am a worm and not a man (Psalm 22:6)—sometimes I pull death in as if in fear, and sometimes I let the hook sink down as if taking courage, so that the devil, like a fish leaping upon the worm—that is, coming against the flesh—may without knowing it fall upon the hook of the divinity, and having fallen may be dragged up, so that what was said by Job may be fulfilled in him: You will draw the dragon with a hook (Job 41:1).
It was not because I feared death that I said, My soul is deeply grieved (Matthew 26:38). Nor was it because I feared the passion that I say, Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from me (Matthew 26:39). For I do everything so that death may not escape me. I show fear as a human being, so that having been swallowed as a human being I may work as God. I use humble words, so that when he swallows the leaven of my body he may find the coal of the divinity dreadfully burning him. I show fear, so that he may chew my body, a mustard seed; he will find the sharpness of the divinity violently tormenting him. I show fear, so that he may swallow me as a human being. For if he swallows me, he will find the solid rock of the divinity shattering his teeth, so that what is written may be fulfilled in him: God will break the teeth in their mouths (Psalm 58:6).
For this reason, then, I hide the authority of the divinity and put forward the fear of the flesh, so that he may not be hunted by the power of the divinity, but may be brought down by the weakness of the body. For so that he may not boast as one defeated by God, for this reason I deceive him through the flesh, so that through the very things by which he plotted he may be plotted against. I conquer him, then, through the weakness of the body, so that he may not boast as one refuted by divine power. For to be defeated by the divinity—
Greek
Μὴ ζητήσῃς οὖν ἐπ' ἐμοῦ ἢ γεννήσεως τάξιν ἢ
θανάτου τρόπον. Ἃ γὰρ ἡ φύσις οὐ ποιεῖ, ταῦτα ἡ δύναμις ἀποτελεῖ. Θεὸς οὖν ὢν ἀνθρώπινον ὑπῆλθον σῶμα. Τοῦτο πρῶτον παρὰ φύσιν· ἀλλ' οὐ γέγονεν διὰ τὴν φύσιν ἀδύνα τον, ἐπειδὴ ἐν τῇ ἐμῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ἔκειτο, τοῦ πεποιηκότος τὴν φύσιν. Συνεχώρησα δὲ πάλιν καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ σῶμα τῷ γενικῷ περιπεσεῖν θανάτῳ, ἵνα ἡ ζωὴ ἡ τοῦ θανάτου δεσπόζουσα καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ θανάτῳ τὴν τῆς ζωῆς ἐνέργειαν ἐπιδείξηται. Τὸ μὲν ζῶν ζῆν οὐ δὲν θαυμαστόν, τὸ δὲ ἀποθανὸν ζωῶσαι τοῦτο μέγα καὶ παράδο ξον. ∆ιὸ καὶ λυθῆναι αὐτὸ συνεχώρησα καὶ μετὰ τὸ λυθῆναι ἀνέστησα, ἵνα δείξω ὅτι καὶ τοῦ σώματος ὑποβληθέντος θανάτῳ οὕτως ἀπαθὴς ἔμεινα, ὅτι οὐ μόνον τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα ἤγειρα, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ τῶν προκεκοιμημένων δικαίων σώματα συνανέστησα. Ἑκὼν οὖν φιλανθρωπίᾳ τὸν θάνατον ὑπομένω, ἑκὼν δὲ πάλιν κατά τινα οἰκονομίαν τὸν θάνατον δειλιῶ. ∆ειλιῶ γὰρ τὸν θάνα τον, ἵνα ἀπατήσω τὸν θάνατον. Ὥσπερ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, εἰ μὴ ἐπείνασα, οὐ προσήρχετο ὁ διάβολος. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο δὲ ἐπείνασα, ἵνα μὴ νομίσας ἄλλον εἶναι Ἀδὰμ προσενέγκῃ τὸ θήρατρον. Οὕτως καὶ ὧδε διὰ τοῦτο τῆς δειλίας προφέρω ῥῆμα, ὡς δέλεαρ, ἵνα ἑαυτῷ ἀγκιστρεύσω τὸν θάνατον. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ εἶδεν ὁ διάβολος πολλὰ σημεῖα πεποιηκότα, παραλυτικὸν νευρώσαντα, ἀλάλων τὰς γλώσσας ἀρθρώσαντα, κωφῶν τὰ ὦτα ἀνοίξαντα, τυφλοὺς ὀμματώσαντα, τῆς θαλάσσης τὸν φλυσμὸν εἰς γαλήνην μεταβα λόντα, τῆς αἱμορροούσης τὰς πηγὰς διὰ τῆς ἁφῆς τοῦ κρασπέδου ξηράναντα, τὸν Λάζαρον λόγῳ ἐγείραντα, τὴν τοῦ Ἰαείρου θυγατέρα ἀναστήσαντα, τὸν τῆς χήρας υἱὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀνακαλε σάμενον, πάντα οὖν ταῦτα θεασάμενος καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν πραγ μάτων πεισθείς, ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ ἐν μορφῇ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου φανεὶς κατὰ τὴν τῶν προφητῶν πρόρρησιν, φοβεῖται καὶ δέδιεν σταυρῷ με προσηλῶσαι καὶ θανάτῳ παραδοῦναι, ἵνα μὴ νεκροῦ ὑπεισελθὼν σχῆμα τοὺς νεκροὺς ἐλευθερώσω. Τί οὖν ποιῶ, ἵνα καὶ τοῦ διαβόλου τὴν δειλίαν εἰς ἀπόνοιαν μεταβάλω καὶ τὸν θάνατον ἐπιδραμεῖν ποιήσω; Φεύγω ἵνα διώξῃ, δειλιῶ ἵνα θαρρήσῃ, ταπεινοῖς κέχρημαι ῥήμασιν ἵνα με ἕνα τῶν πολλῶν νομίσας προσδράμῃ καὶ καταπίῃ. Ἐὰν γὰρ ἐμὲ μὴ καταπίῃ, τοὺς καταποθέντας ἐμέσαι οὐκ ἔχει. Ὅθεν δειλίας φθέγγομαι ῥήματα, ἵνα 4 τὸν ἀπατεῶνα ἐξαπατήσας τὴν ἀπάτην λύσω. Ῥήμασιν ἐκεῖνος δολεροῖς ἠπάτησεν τὸν Ἀδάμ, ῥήμασιν ἐγὼ δειλοῖς ἀπατῶ τὸν δολερόν. Ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνος μὲν ἀπατηλοὺς ἐφθέγξατο λόγους, ἵνα τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἀπολέσῃ, ἐγὼ δειλίας φθέγγομαι ῥήματα, ἵνα τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐλευθερώσω. Ἁλιεύς εἰμι ἁλιεῖς ἁλιεύων. Ὥσπερ γὰρ ὁ ἁλιεὺς τῷ ἀγκίστρῳ τὸν σκώληκα περι θεὶς ἐκτείνει τὸν κάλαμον καὶ ποτὲ μὲν ἐνδίδωσιν τὸ ἄγκιστρον, ποτὲ δὲ ἕλκει καὶ ὑποσύρει, ἵνα φεύγοντα τὸν σκώληκα δείξας ἐπιδραμεῖν τὸν ἰχθὺν παρασκευάσῃ, οὕτως κἀγὼ τῷ ἀγκίστρῳ τῆς θεότητός μου ὥσπερ σκώληκα περιθεὶς τὸ σῶμα–Ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι σκώληξ καὶ οὐκ ἄνθρωπος–ποτὲ μὲν ἕλκω τὸν θάνατον ὡς δειλιῶν, ποτὲ δὲ ἐνδίδωμι τὸ ἄγκιστρον ὡς θαρρῶν, ἵνα ὁ διάβολος ὥσπερ ἰχθὺς τῷ σκώληκι ἐφαλλόμενος, τουτέστιν τῇ σαρκὶ ἐπερχόμενος, λανθανόντως τῷ ἀγκίστρῳ περιπέσῃ τῆς θεότητος καὶ περιπεσὼν ἑλκυσθῇ, ὡς πληρωθῆναι ἐπ' αὐτῷ τὸ ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἰὼβ εἰρημένον· Ἄξεις δὲ δράκοντα ἐν ἀγκίστρῳ. Οὐ φοβούμενος οὖν τὸν θάνατον εἶπον· Περίλυπός ἐστιν ἡ ψυ χή μου. Οὐδὲ δειλιῶν τὸ παθεῖν λέγω· Πάτερ εἰ δυνατὸν παρελθάτω ἀπ' ἐμοῦ τὸ ποτήριον τοῦτο. Πάντα γὰρ ποιῶ, ἵνα με ὁ θάνατος μὴ διαφύγῃ. ∆ειλιῶ ὡς ἄνθρωπος, ἵνα καταποθεὶς ὡς ἄνθρωπος ἐργάσωμαι ὡς θεός. Ταπεινοῖς κέχρημαι ῥήμασιν, ἵνα καταπιών μου τὴν ζύμην τοῦ σώματος εὕρῃ τὸν ἄνθρακα τῆς θεότητος δεινῶς αὐτὸν κατακαίοντα. ∆ειλιῶ, ἵνα μασήσηταί μου τὸ σῶμα, κόκκον σινάπεως· εὑρήσει τὴν δριμύτητα τῆς θεότητος σφοδρῶς αὐτὸν βασανίζουσαν. ∆ειλιῶ, ἵνα καταπίῃ με ὡς ἄνθρωπον. Ἐὰν γάρ με καταπίῃ, εὑρήσει τὴν στερεὰν τῆς θεότητος πέτραν τοὺς ὀδόντας αὐτοῦ συντρίβουσαν, ὡς πληρωθῆναι ἐπ' αὐτῷ τὸ γε γραμμένον ὅτι Ὁ θεὸς συνθλάσει τοὺς ὀδόντας αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτοῦ. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο οὖν κρύπτω τῆς θεότητος τὴν αὐθεντίαν, προβάλλω δὲ τῆς σαρκὸς τὴν δειλίαν, ἵνα μὴ τῇ δυνάμει τῆς θεότητος θηρευθῇ, ἀλλ' ἵνα τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ τοῦ σώματος καθαιρεθῇ. Ἵνα γὰρ μὴ μέγα φρονῇ ὡς ὑπὸ θεοῦ ἡττώμενος, διὰ τοῦτο διὰ τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτὸν ἀπατῶ, ἵνα δι' ὧν ἐπεβούλευσεν ἐπιβουλευθῇ. Νικῶ τοίνυν αὐτὸν διὰ τῆς ἀσθενείας τοῦ σώματος, ἵνα μὴ μέγα φρονῇ ὡς ὑπὸ θείας δυνάμεως ἐλεγχόμενος. Τὸ γὰρ ὑπὸ τῆς θεότητος