Slow-tongued Law; appoint another—Christ the true Levite Aaron
‘appoint another who is able, whom you will send.’ For the law is not strong, nor sufficiently having unto being able to save the whole earth, and to snatch the human from the devil’s tyranny. And Moses did not fail to know, as slow-tongued and thin-voiced, especially when God began to converse with him, and commanding him to make words concerning him: for ‘Thus,’ he says, ‘you will say to the sons of Israel: I am the one who is. This is my name.’ For the law is slow-tongued toward articulating very well the word concerning the one who is; nor indeed is it able to initiate into the august and ineffable nature worshiped in holy Trinity. And thin-voiced toward this, being able to speak only and barely to those from Israel, and being heard in Judea alone, although of all the other nations not even, so to say, having taken the proclamation into their ears. Therefore the divine Moses, knowing beforehand the one who has sufficiently unto implanting in hearers the precise and polished word concerning God, and unto proclaiming easily to every earth—that is Christ: ‘I beg, Lord,’ he says, ‘appoint another who is able, whom you will send.’ For Christ is the one who is truly able; and that according to times according to the good pleasure of God and Father he will be appointed unto this, was also fore-announced through law. And Moses’ declining, even after a divine promise, and after exhibition of many signs, would be a type of Israel both hesitating and declining the divine and evangelical ministry and obedience under Christ, who after countless words concerning faith and exhibition of wonders have kept hard-hearing, and have remained disobedient. And Moses’ declining is twofold. For there are two times in which Israel was unbridled and hard to lead: through Moses and Joshua, and Judges, and immediately after that, the time in which prophets came to be, and John, who lies as it were in the mid-space of apostles and prophets. For it was end of prophetic ministry, and as it were firstfruits of apostolic brightness. But Moses’ declining was calling God to angers. And the matter thereafter shifts into another economy as it were, through which those brought down by the Egyptians’ greed had to be saved. ‘And the Lord being angry at Moses, said: Is not Aaron your brother the Levite? I know that speaking he will speak to you, and behold he will come out to meet you; and seeing you he will rejoice in himself, and you will speak to him; and you will give my words into his mouth; and I will open your mouth, and his mouth, and will instruct you what you will do, and he will speak to the people for you; and he will be your mouth; and you will be to him the things toward God.’ For the law having somehow collided as weak, and those from Israel being greatly disobedient, Christ was added, the true Levite, the great high priest, the one ranked with those under law, as brother through the human, who spoke to Moses as God, but being instructed by the
Greek
προχείρισαι ἄλλον δυνάμενον, ὃν ἀποστελεῖς.» Οὐ γὰρ εὐσθενὴς ὁ νόμος, οὐδὲ ἀποχρώντως ἔχων εἰς τὸ πᾶσαν δύνασθαι διασῶσαι τὴν γῆν, καὶ τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου τυραννίδος ἐξελέσθαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον. Οὐκ ἠγνόηκε δὲ ὁ Μωσῆς, ὡς βραδύγλωσσός τε καὶ ἰσχνόφωνος, ἀρξαμένου μάλιστα διαλέγεσθαι πρὸς αὐτὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ λόγους ποιεῖσθαι περὶ αὐτοῦ προστάττοντος· «Οὕτως» γὰρ, φησὶν, «ἐρεῖς τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραήλ· Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν. Τοῦτό μου ἐστὶ τὸ ὄνομα.» Βραδύγλωσσος γὰρ ὁ νόμος, πρὸς τὸ διαρθροῦν εὖ μάλα τὸν περὶ τοῦ ὄντος λόγον· οὔτε μὴν οἷός τε μυσταγωγεῖν πρὸς τὴν ἐν ἁγίᾳ Τριάδι προσκυνουμένην σεπτὴν καὶ ἄῤῥητον φύσιν. Ἰσχνόφωνος δὲ πρὸς τοῦτο, μόνοις τε καὶ μόλις τοῖς ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ προσλαλεῖν δυνάμενος, ἀκουόμενός τε κατὰ μόνην τὴν Ἰουδαίαν, καίτοι τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων ἐθνῶν οὐδὲ, ὅσον εἰπεῖν, εἰς οὖς ἑλόντων τὸ κήρυγμα. Τοιγάρτοι προγινώσκων ὁ θεσπέσιος Μωσῆς, τὸν διαρκῶς ἔχοντα πρὸς τὸ ἀκριβὲς καὶ ἀπεξεσμένον τοῖς ἀκροωμένοις ἐμποιῆσαι λόγον τὸν περὶ Θεοῦ, καὶ εἰς τὸ πάσῃ ῥᾳδίως διακηρύξαι τῇ γῇ, τοῦτ' ἔστι Χριστόν· «Δέομαι, Κύριε,» φησὶ, «προχείρισαι ἄλλον δυνάμενον, ὃν ἀποστελεῖς.» Χριστὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ δυνάμενος ἀληθῶς· καὶ ὅτι κατὰ καιροὺς κατ' εὐδοκίαν Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς, εἰς τοῦτο προχειρισθήσεται, καὶ διὰ νόμου προήγγελτο. Ἡ δέ γε Μωσέως παραίτησις, καὶ μετὰ θείαν ὑπόσχεσιν, καὶ μετὰ πολλῶν σημείων ἐπίδειξιν, τύπος ἂν εἴη, κατοκνοῦντός τε ἅμα καὶ παραιτουμένου τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, τὴν ὑπὸ Χριστοῦ θείαν τε καὶ εὐαγγελικὴν λειτουργίαν, καὶ ὑπακοὴν, οἳ μετὰ μυρίους ὅσους τοὺς περὶ πίστεως λόγους καὶ τερατουργίας ἐπίδειξιν, τετηρήκασι τὸ δυσήκοον, καὶ μεμενήκασιν ἀπειθεῖς. Καὶ διττή γε ἡ Μωσέως παραίτησις. Δύο γὰρ χρόνοι καθ' οὓς ἐξήνιος καὶ δυσάγωγος ἦν ὁ Ἰσραήλ· διὰ Μωσέως τε καὶ Ἰησοῦ, καὶ Κριτῶν, καὶ μετ' ἐκεῖνον εὐθὺς, καθ' ὃν γεγόνασι προφῆται, καὶ Ἰωάννης, ὁ καθάπερ ἐν μεταιχμίῳ κείμενος ἀποστόλων τε καὶ προφητῶν. Πέρας μὲν γὰρ ἦν προφητικῆς λειτουργίας, ἀπαρχὴ δὲ ὥσπερ λαμπρότητος ἀποστολικῆς. Ἀλλ' ἡ Μωσέως παραίτησις πρὸς ὀργὰς ἐκάλει Θεόν. Καὶ μεθίστη τὸ χρῆμα λοιπὸν εἰς ἑτέραν ὥσπερ οἰκονομίαν, δι' ἧς ἀνασώζεσθαι χρῆν τοὺς ταῖς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων πλεονεξίαις κατηχθημένους. «Καὶ θυμωθεὶς Κύριος ἐπὶ Μωσῆν, εἶπεν· Οὐκ ἰδοὺ Ἀαρὼν ὁ ἀδελφός σου ὁ Λευΐτης; Ἐπίσταμαι ὅτι λαλῶν λαλήσει αὐτός σοι, καὶ ἰδοὺ αὐτὸς ἐξελεύσεται εἰς συνάντησίν σοι· καὶ ἰδών σε χαρήσεται ἐν ἑαυτῷ, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτόν· καὶ δώσεις τὰ ῥήματά μου εἰς τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐγὼ ἀνοίξω τὸ στόμα σου, καὶ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ, καὶ συμβιβάσω ὑμᾶς ἃ ποιήσετε, καὶ αὐτός σοι προσλαλήσει πρὸς τὸν λαόν· καὶ αὐτὸς ἔσται σου στόμα· σὺ δὲ αὐτῷ ἔσῃ τὰ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν.» Προσκεκρουκότος γὰρ ὥσπερ ἀδρανοῦς τοῦ νόμου, καὶ ἠπειθηκότων ἄγαν τῶν ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ, προσετέθη Χριστὸς, ὁ ἀληθὴς Λευΐτης, ὁ μέγας ἀρχιερεὺς, ὁ τοῖς ὑπὸ νόμον συντεταγμένος, ὡς ἀδελφὸς διὰ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον, ὁ Μωσῇ μὲν λαλήσας ὡς Θεὸς, συμβιβαζόμενος δὲ παρὰ τοῦ
About this text
Cyril continues the dialogue with Palladius on worship in spirit and truth. Book 2 of a seventeen-book dialogue — not the whole work.
English follows Migne PG 68 (Aubert reprint). The PDF and a cleaned text of the same print were checked against each other. This page is Book 2 of seventeen. This is a reading translation for study, not a new critical edition of the Greek.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Migne PG 68 De adoratione Book 2 (Aubert reprint) (Greek · Book 2)
- Checked print PDF of PG 68 De adoratione (Greek · Book 2)
English is newly prepared for study from the stated edition. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.