Humility not steps; perpetual altar fire; Emmanuel typed as altar
Cyril: So then the law cleverly, from what is accustomed to happen for them, sets upright the divine sacred-workers toward the better, and as from a bodily type, leads unto spiritual contemplation. For ‘You will not go up,’ (Hebrews 13:10) he says, ‘in steps upon my altar, in order that you may not uncover your unseemliness upon it.’ (Exodus 20:26) That is, Let the divine sacred-worker sanctified toward my liturgy seek the low things, let him not leap up toward the high. Let him decline boastfulness, in order that he may not be seen unseemly and unbeautiful. For unbeautiful and thoroughly unseemly and all-hard is a sickness of mind, the oversized mindset. ‘For as great as you are,’ he says, ‘by so much humble yourself, and before Lord you will find grace.’ (Sirach 3:18) And the Savior’s disciple also writes: ‘Let the lowly brother boast in his height; and the rich, in his humiliation.’ (James 1:9–10) For he will pass also in equal to grasses, and will differ from flowers of the fields according to no manner.
Palladius: I agree.
Cyril: So then he said the sacred-worker must have been released from bulk and disdain. And in what manner he would make the sacred-work most lawful and unreproved, you will know altogether clearly; for it has been written in Leviticus: ‘And the Lord spoke toward Moses, saying: Charge Aaron and his sons, saying: This is the law of the whole-burnt-offering, this the whole-burnt-offering upon its burning upon the altar the whole night until morning; and the fire of the altar will be burned upon it, will not be quenched; and the priest will put on a linen tunic, and will put on a linen around-leg around his body, and will take away the burnt-consumption, which the fire should consume, the whole-burnt-offering from the altar, and will set it alongside near the altar, and will put off his stole, and will put on another stole, and will carry out the burnt-consumption outside the camp unto a clean place; and fire upon the altar will be burned upon it, and will not be quenched; and the priest will burn upon it woods morning by morning, and will pile upon it the whole-burnt-offering, and will put upon it the fat of the salvation and fire through all will be burned upon the altar, will not be quenched.’ (Leviticus 6:8–13) So then continual and thoroughly unceasing is the fire of the altar, and not foreign or from outside, but its own, that is, the from above and from heaven. And what then is this? For full of the glory of God is our holy altar. And in a form of the fire the divine and unspeakable nature is imaged. And the word seems also very well to under-show something mystical.
Palladius: What sort of thing do you say?
Cyril: Or were we not saying Emmanuel himself to be the divine, as in type, altar, through whom we approach God and Father, worshipping rationally, and only not sacrificing the fragrant in virtues, and the sanctification of the Gospel citizenship? ‘For present your bodies, a living sacrifice, holy, well-pleasing to God, your rational worship.’ (Romans 12:1)
Greek
Εὐφυῶς οὖν ὁ νόμος, ἀπὸ τοῦ συμβαίνειν αὐτοῖς εἰωθότος, τοὺς θείους ἱερουργοὺς ἀνορθοῖ πρὸς τὸ ἄμεινον, καὶ ὡς ἐκ τύπου σωματικοῦ, πρὸς θεωρίαν ἄγει πνευματικήν. «Οὐ» γὰρ «ἀναβήσῃ,» φησὶν, «ἐν ἀναβαθμοῖς ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριόν μου, ἵνα μὴ ἀποκαλύψῃς τὴν ἀσχημοσύνην σου ἐπ' αὐτοῦ.» Τοῦτ' ἔστιν, Ὁ θεῖος ἱερουργὸς ὁ πρὸς λειτουργίαν ἡγιασμένος τὴν ἐμὴν, ζητείτω τὰ ταπεινὰ, μὴ ἀναθρωσκέτω πρὸς τὸ ὑψοῦ. Παραιτείσθω τὴν ἀλαζονείαν, ἵνα μὴ ἀσχήμων ὁρῷτο καὶ ἀκαλλής. Ἀκαλλὲς γὰρ καὶ ἄσχημον κομιδῇ καὶ παγχάλεπον ἀῤῥώστημα νοῦ, φρόνημα τὸ ὑπέρογκον. «Ὅσῳ γὰρ μέγας εἶ, φησὶ, τοσούτῳ ταπείνου σεαυτὸν, καὶ ἔναντι Κυρίου εὑρήσεις χάριν.» Γράφει δὲ καὶ ὁ τοῦ Σωτῆρος μαθητής· «Καυχάσθω ὁ ἀδελφὸς ὁ ταπεινὸς ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ· ὁ δὲ πλούσιος, ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει αὐτοῦ.» Παρελεύσεται γὰρ καὶ ἐν ἴσῳ πόαις, καὶ ἀνθέων διοίσει τῶν ἐν ἀγροῖς κατ' οὐδένα τρόπον.
{ΠΑΛΛ.} Σύμφημι.
{ΚΥΡ.} Ὄγκου δὴ οὖν καὶ ὑπεροψίας ἀπηλλάχθαι δεῖν ἔφη τὸν ἱερουργόν. Τίνα τε οὖν τρόπον ἐννομωτάτην ποιήσαιτο ἂν τὴν ἱερουργίαν καὶ ἀνεπίπληκτον, παντελῶς εἴσῃ τοι σαφῶς· γέγραπται γὰρ ἐν τῷ Λευϊτικῷ· «Καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωσῆν, λέγων· Ἔντειλαι Ἀαρὼν καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτοῦ, λέγων· Οὗτος ὁ νόμος τῆς ὁλοκαυτώσεως, αὕτη ἡ ὁλοκαύτωσις ἐπὶ τῆς καύσεως αὐτῆς ἐπὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου ὅλην τὴν νύκτα ἕως τοπρωΐ· καὶ τὸ πῦρ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου καυθήσεται ἐπ' αὐτοῦ, οὐ σβεσθήσεται· καὶ ἐνδύσεται ὁ ἱερεὺς χιτῶνα λινοῦν, καὶ περισκελὲς λινοῦν ἐνδύσεται περὶ τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀφελεῖ τὴν κατακάρπωσιν, ἣν ἂν καταναλώσῃ τὸ πῦρ, τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, καὶ παραθήσει αὐτὸ ἐχόμενον τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, καὶ ἐκδύσεται τὴν στολὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐνδύσεται στολὴν ἄλλην, καὶ ἐξοίσει τὴν κατακάρπωσιν ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς εἰς τόπον καθαρόν· καὶ πῦρ ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον καυθήσεται ἐπ' αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐ σβεσθήσεται· καὶ καύσει ἐπ' αὐτοῦ ὁ ἱερεὺς ξύλα τοπρωῒ πρωῒ, καὶ στοιβάσει ἐπ' αὐτοῦ τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν, καὶ ἐπιθήσει ἐπ' αὐτὸ τὸ στέαρ τοῦ σωτηρίου καὶ πῦρ διὰ παντὸς καυθήσεται ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον, οὐ σβεσθήσεται.» Ἐνδελεχὲς μὲν οὖν καὶ ἀκατάπαυστον κομιδῇ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τὸ πῦρ, καὶ οὐκ ὀθνεῖον ἢ ἔξωθεν, ἀλλὰ τὸ αὐτοῦ, τοῦτ' ἔστι, τὸ ἄνωθεν καὶ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, Καὶ τί δὴ τοῦτό ἐστιν; Ἐπίμεστον γὰρ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δόξης τὸ ἅγιον ἡμῶν θυσιαστήριον. Ἐν εἴδει δὲ τοῦ πυρὸς ἡ θεία τε καὶ ἀπόῤῥητος εἰκάζεται φύσις. Ἔοικε δὲ καὶ μυστικόν τι ὁ λόγος εὖ μάλα παραδηλοῦν.
{ΠΑΛΛ.} Τὸ ποῖόν τι φής;
{ΚΥΡ.} Ἦ οὐκ αὐτὸν εἶναι τὸν Ἐμμανουὴλ τὸ θεῖον ἐλέγομεν, ὡς ἐν τύπῳ, θυσιαστήριον, δι' οὗ προσίεμεν τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Πατρὶ, λατρεύοντες λογικῶς, καὶ μονονουχὶ καταθύοντες τὸ εὐῶδες ἐν ἀρεταῖς, καὶ τῆς εὐαγγελικῆς πολιτείας τὸν ἁγιασμόν; «Παραστήσατε γὰρ τὰ σώματα ὑμῶν, θυσίαν ζῶσαν, ἁγίαν, εὐάρεστον τῷ Θεῷ, τὴν λογικὴν λατρείαν ὑμῶν.»
About this text
Cyril continues the dialogue with Palladius. Book 12 of a seventeen-book dialogue — not the whole work.
English follows Migne PG 68 (Aubert reprint). The PDF and a cleaned text of the same print were checked against each other. This page is Book 12 of seventeen. This is a reading translation for study, not a new critical edition of the Greek.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Migne PG 68 De adoratione Book 12 (Aubert reprint) (Greek · Book 12)
- Checked print PDF of PG 68 De adoratione (Greek · Book 12)
English is newly prepared for study from the stated edition. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.