The Fly of Egypt and the Bee of Assyria
…of the evils no one would pray for has befallen them. For Samaria has been sacked, and the neighboring nations, the Edomites, the Moabites, and the people of Philistia, have overrun Judea as well. So both these and those have suffered many terrible things and have known hard days. Therefore God, he says, will bring days whose like have not yet been, that is, have not yet come upon you, since the time when Ephraim “took away,” that is, tore himself away, from Judah (Isaiah 7:17). And what is this time for us, or what are these days? “The king of the Assyrians,” he says (Isaiah 7:17), that is, Nebuchadnezzar, who sacked Jerusalem, took all Judea by force, and burned the divine temple as well; and of all the savagery fit for a wild beast he left out nothing at all that he is not found to have done against the whole nation.
“And it shall be in that day that the Lord will whistle for the flies, which rule over a part of the river of Egypt, and for the bee, which is in the land of the Assyrians; and they will all come and settle in the ravines of the land, and in the holes of the rocks, and in the caves, and in every cleft, and on every tree” (Isaiah 7:18-19).
He widens the account and describes in detail the onset of the war, and how those who would come against them from time to time would overrun all their land, villages and cities alike. I think it necessary here to tell again what is written in the Second Book of Kings, to make clear exactly what was to come.
Ahaz, to whom the word is now addressed, had a son, Hezekiah; Hezekiah's son was Manasseh, and Manasseh's was Amon. His son was Josiah, a godly man, but he died in this way. Pharaoh Neco, king of Egypt, left his native land, marched out with his whole army, and pressed on against the land of the Assyrians. Josiah was afraid that he might come against Judea too, bring it under his own hand, and rule over it, and so he wanted to march out against him, although Pharaoh was trying to avoid a battle with him. But in resisting him Josiah died in the war, and the Egyptian took control of the land of the Jews. He grew so strong that he removed Jehoahaz, Josiah's son, from the throne after he had become king, carried him in chains into his own country, appointed Eliakim king, laid tribute on the nation, and demanded a great sum of money.
Then, after Eliakim had reigned over Judea for eleven full years, his son Jeconiah succeeded to the throne, and after him Zedekiah. While Zedekiah held the kingdom, Nebuchadnezzar made war on Judea. He burned all the cities, adding Jerusalem itself to the rest, and took Israel captive, together with the vessels…
Greek
συμβέβηκε τῶν ἀπευκτῶν αὐτοῖς. Πεπόρθηται γὰρ ἡ Σαμάρεια, κατέδραμον δὲ καὶ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν τὰ περίοικα τῶν ἐθνῶν, Ἰδου- μαῖοι, Μωαβίται, καὶ οἱ ἐκ τῆς Φιλιστιείμ. Πεπόν- θασι τοίνυν πολλὰ δεινὰ, καὶ ἡμερῶν πεπείρανται σκληρῶν, οὗτοί τε κἀκεῖνοι. Ἡμέρας τοίνυν, φησὶν, ἐπάξει 74 Θεὸς, ὧν ἴσαι οὔπω γεγόνασιν, ἤτοι ἀφίκοντο καθ' ὑμῶν ἐξ ἐκείνου τοῦ καιροῦ, ἀφ' οὗ ἀφεῖλεν, ἤτοι ἀπέσπασεν ἑαυτὸν ὁ Ἐφραῒμ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰούδα. Ποῖος δὲ ἡμῖν οὗτος ὁ καιρὸς, ἢ τίνες αἱ ἡμέραι; Ὁ βασι- λεὺς, φησὶν, Ἀσσυρίων, τοῦτ' ἔστιν, ὁ Ναβουχοδονόσορ, ὃς πεπόρθηκε τὰ Ἱεροσόλυμα, καὶ κατὰ κράτος εἷλε πᾶσαν τὴν Ἰουδαίαν, ἐνέπρησε δὲ καὶ τὸν θεῖον ναὸν, καὶ οὐδὲν τὸ παράπαν τῶν εἰς ὠμό- τητα θηριοπρεπῆ παραλέλοιπεν, ὃ μὴ κατὰ παντὸς δεδρακὼς εὑρίσκηται τοῦ ἔθνους. 9Καὶ ἔσται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ συριεῖ Κύριος μυίαις, ὃ κυριεύει μέρους ποταμοῦ Αἰγύπτου, καὶ τῇ μελίσσῃ, ἥ ἐστιν ἐν χώρᾳ τῶν Ἀσσυρίων· καὶ ἐλεύσονται πάντες, καὶ ἀναπαύσονται ἐν ταῖς φάραγξι τῆς χώρας, καὶ ἐν τρώγλαις τῶν πετρῶν, καὶ εἰς τὰ σπήλαια, καὶ εἰς πᾶσαν ῥα- γάδα, καὶ ἐν παντὶ ξύλῳ.9 ‹70.209› Κατευρύνει τὸ διήγημα, καὶ δίεισι λεπτῶς τοῦ πολέμου τὴν ἔφοδον, καὶ ὅτι πᾶσαν αὐτῶν κατανεμη- θήσονται γῆν, κώμας τε καὶ πόλεις, οἱ κατ' αὐτῶν ἥξοντες κατὰ καιρούς. Χρῆναι δὲ οἶμαι τὰ ἐν τῇ τετάρτῃ τῶν Βασιλειῶν γεγραμμένα πάλιν εἰπεῖν, πρὸς τὴν τῶν ἐσομένων ἀκριβῆ διασάφησιν. Γέγονε τοίνυν υἱὸς μὲν τοῦ Ἄχας, πρὸς ὃν νῦν ὁ λόγος, Ἐζεχίας, Ἐζεχίου δὲ Μανασῆς· Μανασῆ δὲ Ἀμώς. Τούτου δὲ παῖς Ἰωσίας ἀνὴρ εὐσεβὴς, πλὴν ἀπεβίω τοιῷδέ τινι τρόπῳ. Φαραὼ Νεχαὼ βασιλεὺς Αἰγύπτου τὴν ἐνεγκοῦσαν ἀφεὶς ἐξέθει πανστρατιᾷ καὶ κατὰ τῆς Ἀσσυρίων ἠπείγετο γῆς. ∆εδιώς τε τοίνυν ὁ Ἰωσίας, μὴ ἄρα πως καὶ κατὰ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἐλθὼν, ὑπὸ χεῖρά τε τὴν ἑαυτοῦ λάβοι, καὶ κατάρξειεν αὐτῆς, ἀντεξάγειν ἤθελε, καίτοι τοῦ Φαραὼ τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν παραιτουμένου μάχην· ἐνιστάμενος δὲ τετελεύτηκεν ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ, καὶ κατεκράτησε τῆς Ἰουδαίων γῆς ὁ Αἰγύπτιος, εἰς τοῦτο δὲ διήλασεν ἰσχύος, ὥστε καὶ βασιλεύσαντα τὸν Ἰωαχὰς τὸν Ἰωσίου παῖδα μετα-στῆσαι τῆς βασιλείας, καὶ δεδεμένον εἰσενεγκεῖν εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ χώραν, καὶ χειροτονῆσαι βασιλέα τὸν Ἐλιακεὶμ, καὶ δασμοὺς ἐπιθεῖναι τῷ ἔθνει, καὶ χρημάτων ἄθροισιν αἰτῆσαι πολλήν. Εἶτα βασιλεύ- σαντος τῆς Ἰουδαίας Ἐλιακεὶμ ἐπ' ἔτεσιν ὅλοις ἕν- δεκα τὸν ἀριθμὸν, διαδέχεται τοὺς θάκους Ἰεχονίας υἱὸς αὐτοῦ· εἶτα μετὰ τοῦτον Σεδεκίας, οὗ τὴν βα- σιλείαν διέποντος, κατεστράτευσε τῆς Ἰουδαίας ὁ Ναβουχοδονόσορ, ὃς καὶ πάσας κατεμπρήσας, καὶ προσθεὶς ταῖς ἄλλαις πόλεσιν καὶ αὐτὴν τὴν Ἱερου- σαλὴμ, εἷλεν αἰχμάλωτον τὸν Ἰσραὴλ, ὁμοῦ τοῖς σκεύεσι τοῖς